To answer this question, you need to understand the different types of JDBC drivers and their characteristics.
Option A) (a) Type 1 driver - This option is incorrect because a Type 1 driver does not provide JDBC access via one or more ODBC drivers. Type 1 drivers are known as JDBC-ODBC Bridge drivers and they use the ODBC API to connect to the database.
Option B) (b) Type 2 driver - This option is incorrect because a Type 2 driver does not provide JDBC access via one or more ODBC drivers. Type 2 drivers are known as Native-API partly Java drivers and they use the database-specific native API to connect to the database.
Option C) (c) Type 3 driver - This option is incorrect because a Type 3 driver does not provide JDBC access via one or more ODBC drivers. Type 3 drivers are known as Network Protocol drivers and they use a middle-tier server to communicate with the database.
Option D) (d) Type 4 driver - This option is correct because a Type 4 driver provides JDBC access via one or more ODBC drivers. Type 4 drivers are known as Native-Protocol Pure Java drivers and they directly communicate with the database using the database-specific network protocol, without the need for any additional software.
The correct answer is D) (d) Type 4 driver. This option is correct because a Type 4 driver provides JDBC access without the need for ODBC drivers.