Tag: chemistry

The process of formation of petroleum causes the organic matter to change, first into a waxy material known as kerogen, which is found in various oil shales around the world, and then with more heat into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons via a process known as catagenesis.

Gasoline is a volatile mixture of liquid hydrocarbons generally containing small amounts of additives suitable for use as a fuel in a spark ignition internal combustion engine. The presence of sulphur in gasoline is undesirable due to its foul odour and also it forms gums.

Kerosene has been used for illumination since centuries. The capacity of kerosene to be illuminating depends on the luminosity number of kerosene. 

Glycol added to petrol acts as anti -icing agent

Diesel fuel is a mixture of hydrocarbons with boiling points in the range of 150 to 380°C which are obtained from petroleum.

Aromatics are desirable in diesel and kerosene but is undesirable in gasoline. It is a mixture of paraffin (alkanes), cycloalkanes (naphthenes), and olefins (alkenes). Aromatics are a base component of gasoline derived from crude oil. Refiners manipulate these substances – mainly mixtures of chemicals like benzene, toluene, and xylene – to increase the octane rating, a measure of how well the fuel actually works.

Petroleum is a non-renewable natural resource. It gets exhausted because it is not a natural renewable source.

Petroluem is known as black gold as it is black coloured crude oil that is extracted from earth's crust and it has its value as it is limited in stock, takes millions of years to form and is costly available.

Crude petroleum is the multi component mixture consisting of many compounds. It is drilled from the earth's crust and then refined in the petroleum refineries. Its molecular weight is around $1500$.

The density of gasoline ranges from 0.71–0.77 kg/L, where as that of water is 1kg/L, oil is less dense than water so it will "float" on water. Gas is less dense than both and will float to the top. higher densities having a greater volume of aromatics. Since gasoline floats on water, water cannot generally be used to extinguish a gasoline fire unless used in a fine mist. The petroleum products will separate by density.