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Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

Important constituent of Portland and high alumina cements is?

  1. $Ca _{3}Al _{2}O _{6}$
  2. $CaSiO _{3}$
  3. $CaSO _{4}.2 H _{2}O$
  4. $Fe _{2}CO _{3}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Portland cement essentially consists of compounds of lime(Calcium Oxide CaO) mixed with silica(Silicon dioxide ) and Alumina(Aluminium Oxide).

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

Plaster of paris in contact with water sets to a hard mass whose composition is :

  1. $CaSO _{4}$
  2. $CaSO _{4}.H _{2}O$
  3. $CaSO _{4}.2H _{2}O$
  4. $CaSO _{4}.Ca(OH) _{2}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

On mixing with water, plaster of paris takes up water of crystallization to form orthorhombic calcium sulphate dihydrate. This sets to a hard mass which is monoclinic calcium sulphate dihydrate or gypsum. This is the final product of setting of plaster of paris. Its composition is $CaSO _4 \cdot 2H _2O $.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements
$B\xleftarrow[]{200^oC} CaSO _4.2H _2O\xrightarrow[]{120^oC}A$
$\downarrow$ Strongly heated          Gypsum
$C$

A, B and C are respectively :

  1. plaster of paris, dead burnt plaster, calcium sulphide

  2. dead burnt plaster, plaster of paris, lime

  3. plaster of paris, dead burnt plaster, lime

  4. anhydrous calcium sulphate, plater of paris, calcium sulphite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When calcium sulfate dihydrate is heated to $120^{o} C$, plaster of paris (A) is obtained.
$CaSO _{ 4 }\cdot 2H _{ 2 }O\xrightarrow { 120^o C } CaSO _{ 4 }\cdot \frac { 1 }{ 2 } H _{ 2 }O+\frac { 3 }{ 2 } H _{ 2 }O\ \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad Plaster\quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \ \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad of\ \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad paris\quad  $
When calcium sulfate dihydrate is heated to $200^o C$, anhydrous calcium sulfate is obtained which is known as dead burnt plaster (B).
$CaSO _{ 4 }\cdot 2H _{ 2 }O\xrightarrow { 200^oC } CaSO _{ 4 }+2H _{ 2 }O$
When Dead burnt plaster is strongly heated, lime (C) is obtained.
$CaSO _{ 4 }\xrightarrow { strongly\quad heat } CaO+2SO _{ 3 }$

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

Cement is mixture of 

  1. Aluminate & Zincate of Calcium

  2. Zincate and Silicate of Calcium

  3. Aluminate and Silicate of Calcium

  4. Aluminate of Calcium and Magnesium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Portland cement is manufactured primarily from limestone and clay, resulting in a complex mixture containing calcium silicates and calcium aluminates, which are responsible for its setting and hardening properties.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

The plaster of paris is hardened by 

  1. Liberating ${\text{C}}{{\text{O}} _2}$

  2. Giving out water

  3. Combining with water
  4. Changing into ${\text{CaC}}{{\text{O}} _3}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Plaster of Paris hardens by reacting with water to form a solid mass of gypsum crystals, a process known as hydration.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

Setting of plaster of paris is :

  1. oxidation with atmospheric oxygen
  2. combination with atmospheric $CO _2$

  3. dehydration

  4. hydration to yield another hydrate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

$CaSO _4.1/2H _2O \xrightarrow[setting]{H _2O} CaSO _4.2H _2O \xleftarrow[hardening]{} CaSO _4.2H _2O$

plaster of paris                       gypsum                                gypsum
                                             orthorhombic                monoclinic dihydrate
                                                 dihydrate

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

The cementation process is:

  1. gel formation

  2. emulsion formation
  3. both of $A$ and $B$

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cementation process is the hardening of cement during the process of construction. The process starts after adding water to the mixture of cement, sand and small stone pieces. In this, a gel type of product is formed which gets thickened and hardened gradually. So cementation is the process of gel formation.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

On the basis of following features identify the correct option:
I. It is stored in air-tight bags.
II. It is used in surgical bandages for setting fractured bones.

  1. Plaster of paris

  2. Gypsum

  3. Dead burnt plaster

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Plaster of Paris is stored in air-tight bags because in presence of moisture it changes into gypsum.

plaster of Paris is used in surgical bandages for setting fractured bones because it help in immobilizing of broken bones while they heal.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

Plaster of paris should be stored in a moisture proof container because:

  1. it absorbs moisture from the atmosphere and becomes hard

  2. it cannot be stored in plastic

  3. it will change its colour

  4. it will become soft
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Plaster of paris is calcium sulphate and addition of water of crystallization to it leads to formation of gypsum which becomes hard material. It should be stored in water proof container.
${ CaSO } _{ 4 }\cdot \dfrac { 1 }{ 2 } { H } _{ 2 }O+\dfrac { 3 }{ 2 } { H } _{ 2 }O\rightarrow { CaSO } _{ 4 }\cdot 2{ H } _{ 2 }O$