Tag: physics

Questions Related to physics

The radius of spherical nucleus as measured by electron scattering is 36. fm. what is the likely mass number of the nucleus?

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. 27

  2. 40

  3. 56

  4. 120

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Correct Option: A

A radioactive element $ _ { 90 } \mathrm { X } ^ { 238 }$ decays into $\mathrm { 83 } \mathrm { Y } ^ { 222 }$,then the number of $\beta$ -particles emitted are

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. $1$

  2. $2$

  3. $4$

  4. $6$

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Correct Option: C

A bone containing 200 g carbon-14 has a $\beta $ decay rate of 375 deacy/min. Calculate the time that has elapsed since the death of the living one. Given the rate of decay for the living organism is equal to 15 decay per min per gram of carbon and half - life of carbon -14 is 5730 years,

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. 27190 years

  2. 1190 years

  3. 17190 years

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: A

A nucleus X undergoes following transformation
$x \stackrel { a } { \longrightarrow } Y$
$Y \longrightarrow Z$

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. $x$ and $Y$ are isotopes

  2. $x$ and $Z$ are isobars

  3. $x$ and $Y$ are isobars

  4. $x$ and $Z$ are isotopes

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Correct Option: A

From the following the wrong statement is:

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. Half-life of a free neutron is $10.3$ minutes

  2. The stability of a nucleus is only determined by the number of neutrons present in it.

  3. Both fast and slow neutrons are capable of penetrating the nucleus

  4. A free neutron decays into a proton, an electron and positron

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A free neutron will decay with a half life of about $10.3$ minutes but it is stable if combined into a nucleus. The stability of a nucleus is determined by number of neutrons as well as protons, Only fast moving neutrons are capable of penetrating the nucleus.A few neutron decays into a proton, an electron and anti-neutrino, and other options are known facts.

When $ _{3}Li^{7}$ nuclei are bombarded by protons, and the resultant nuclei are $ _{4}Be^{8}$ , the emitted particles will be.   

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. alpha particles

  2. beta particles

  3. gamma photons

  4. neutrons

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$ _{3}Li^{7} + ^{1} _{1}P \Rightarrow  _{4}Be^{8} + _{0}^{0}\gamma (energy)$
As, the emitted particles is only energy and gamma photons radiation is nothing but energy so, option  C is correct.

$ {27}^{57}\textrm{Co}$ will emit __________ radiation

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. $\beta^{-}$

  2. $ \beta^{+}$

  3. $\alpha$

  4. electron capture

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Electron capture :   $^{57} _{27}$  $ + $ $ ^0 _{-1}e$ $\rightarrow$  $^{57} _{26}Fe$

Which of the following assertions are correct?

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. A neutron can decay to a proton only inside a nucleus

  2. A proton can change to a neutron only inside nucleus

  3. An isolated neutron can change into a proton

  4. An isolated proton can change int a neutron

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Correct Option: B,C
Explanation:

$\beta^{+}$ decay cannot occur in an isolated proton because it requires energy due to the mass of the neutron being greater than the mass of the proton. $\beta^{+}$ decay can only happen inside nuclei when the daughter nucleus has a greater binding energy.


an isolated neutron is not stable outside hence it decays emitting a proton.

If $ _{5}\textrm{B}^{11}$ converts into $ _{6}\textrm{C}^{11}$, then the particle emitted in this process will be 

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. electron

  2. proton

  3. neutron

  4. positron

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
$\beta ^-$ minus decay produces an electron and electron anti neutrino.
$\beta ^-$ decay increases the proton by $1$ and reduces the neutron number by $1$
Hence, mass number remains same but atomic number increase by $1.$

What does a neutron decays to?

physics nuclear physics beta decay change in nucleus due to radioactive decay alpha, beta and gamma particles (rays) and their properties

  1. one $p$, one $v$ one $\beta^{+}$

  2. one $\beta{+}$, one$\beta{-}$ and $v$.

  3. one $p$, one $\beta^{-}$ and one $\bar{v}$

  4. all the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The neutron decays into a proton, an electron, and an antineutrino of the electron type.