Tag: physics

Questions Related to physics

The Poisson's ratio $\sigma$ should satisfy the relation :

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. -1< $\sigma $ < 0.5

  2. -0.5 < $\sigma $ < 1.0

  3. 0.5 < $\sigma $ < 1.0

  4. -1.0 < $\sigma $ < -0.5

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Poisson's ratio is the ratio of transverse contradiction strain to longitudinal extension strain in the direction of stretching force.

The Poisson's ratio $\sigma$ should satisfy the relation,
$-1<\sigma <0.5$

A metallic wire of young's modulus Y and poisson's ratio $\sigma$, length L and area of cross section A is stretched by a load of W kg. The increase in volume of the wire is:

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. $\sigma (W^2 L/2AY^2)$

  2. $\sigma (W^2 L/AY^2)$

  3. $\sigma (W^2 L/4AY^2)$

  4. $\sigma (2W^2 L/AY^2)$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

We know that $\sigma =(\Delta A/A) / (\Delta L/L)=(\Delta V/V)/(\Delta L/L)^2 \implies \Delta V=\sigma (\Delta L/L)^2V$

We also know $Y=(W/A)/(\Delta L/L) \implies (\Delta L/L)=W/AY$

Substituting this value in the previous expression, we get, $\Delta V=\sigma (W/AY)^2V=\sigma (W^2 L/AY^2)$

The correct option is (b)

Poisson' ratio is defined as the ratio of 

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. longitudinal stress and longitudinal strain

  2. longitudinal stress and lateral stress

  3. lateral stress and longitudinal stress

  4. lateral stress and lateral strain

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Poisson' ratio is defined as the ratio of lateral stress and longitudinal stress

The correct option is (c)

For which material the poisson's ratio is greater than 1

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. Steel

  2. Copper

  3. Aluminium

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Poisson's ratio can lie only between 0 to 1. It cannot be greater than 1 for any material

The correct option is (d)

A metal wire of length L is loaded and an elongation of $\Delta L$ is produced. If the area of cross section of the wire is A, then the change in volume of the wire, when elongated is . Take Poisson's ratio as 0.25

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. $\Delta V=(\Delta L)^2A/L$

  2. $\Delta V=(\Delta L)^2A/4L$

  3. $\Delta V=(\Delta L)^2A/2L$

  4. $\Delta V=(\Delta L)^2A/3L$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

We know that $\sigma =(\Delta A/A) / (\Delta L/L)=(\Delta V/V)/(\Delta L/L)^2 \implies \Delta V=\sigma (\Delta L/L)^2V=\sigma (\Delta L/L)^2(LA)=\sigma (\Delta L)^2A/L$

Substituting $\sigma=0.25$, we get, $\Delta V=(\Delta L)^2A/4L$

The correct option is (b)

The change in unit volume of a material under tension with increase in its poisson's ratio will be

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. Increase

  2. Decrease

  3. Remains same

  4. Initially increases and then decreases

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The poisson's ratio is related to modulus of elasticity as $Y = 3B(1-2 \sigma)$. Since stress is same for Y and B, we get, $dL/L=dV/3V(1-2 \sigma) \implies dV=3V (dL/L)(1-2 \sigma)$
As $\sigma$ is increased, $dV$ decreases. 

The correct option is (b)

The formula relating youngs modulus (Y), rigidity modulus (n) and Poisson's ratio ($\sigma$) is 

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. $Y=2n(1- \sigma)$

  2. $Y=2n(1+\sigma)$

  3. $Y=n(1- 2\sigma)$

  4. $Y=n(1+2 \sigma)$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Young's modulus and rigidity modulus can be related to poisson's ratio as $Y=2n(1+\sigma)$

The correct option is (b)

A student measures the poisson's ratio to be greater than 1 in an experiment. The meaning of this statement would be

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. An increase in length would also result in decrease in area of cross section of the wire

  2. An increase in length would also result in increase in area of cross section of the wire

  3. An decrease in length would also result in decrease in area of cross section of the wire

  4. An increase in length will not change the area of cross section of the wire

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Poisson's ratio = change in area /  change in length. If poisson's ratio >1, then change in area > change in length. Thus area expands when length increases

The option (b) is the correct option

The formula that relates Bulk's modulus with poisson's ratio is 

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. $Y=3B(1+2 \sigma)$

  2. $Y=3B(1- \sigma)$

  3. $Y=3B(1-2 \sigma)$

  4. $Y=3B(1+ \sigma)$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The formula relating young's modulus and bulk's modulus with poisson's ratio is $Y=3B(1-2 \sigma)$

The option (c) is the correct option

A copper wire 3 m long is stretched to increase its length by 0.3 cm. Find the lateral strain produced in the wire , if poisson's ratio for copper is 0.25

physics properties of material substances poisson ratio poisson's ratio elastic energy

  1. $5 \times 10^{-4}$

  2. $2.5 \times 10^{-4}$

  3. $5 \times 10^{-3}$

  4. $2.5 \times 10^{-3}$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Longitudinal strain = 0.3 cm/3 m = 0.0001

Lateral strain = poisson's ratio x longitudinal strain =$ 0.25 \times 0.0001 = 2.5 \times 10^{-4}$

The correct option is (b)