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Multiple choice physics energy production perfectly black body black-body radiation black body radiation

Ferry's black body is accurately represented by 

  1. A fine hole in a double walled spherical cavity.

  2. A fine hole in a double walled spherical cavity, evacuated and painted black.

  3. A fine hole in a spherical cavity, evacuated and painted black.

  4. A fine hole in a black cavity.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ferry's black body is accurately represented by a fine hole in a double walled spherical cavity, evacuated and painted black.

$\rightarrow$ Ferry designed the simplest black body. It is a double walled evacuated spherical cavity whose inner wall is blackened. The space between wall is evacuated to prevent heat loss by conduction and radiation. There is a fine hole in it. All the radiations incident upon this hole are absorbed by this black body. 

Multiple choice physics energy production perfectly black body black-body radiation black body radiation

The original temperature of a black body is $727^\circ C$. Calculate temperature at which total radiant energy from this black body becomes double:

  1. $971K$

  2. $1189K$

  3. $2001K$

  4. $1458K$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$Rediant Energy = \sigma T^2$

$Energy = \sigma (1000)^4$
$E _2 = 2 E _1$
$Then$
$\sigma T _2 ^{4} = 2 \times \sigma (1000)^4$
$T _2 = 2^\frac{1}{4} \times1000$
$T _2 = 1189 K$

Multiple choice physics energy production perfectly black body black-body radiation black body radiation

Temp. of black body is $3000K$ when black body cools. Then change in wavelength $\Delta \lambda=9$ micron corresponding to maximum energy density. Now temp. of black body is:

  1. $300K$

  2. $2700K$

  3. $270K$

  4. $1800K$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

According to Wien's displacement law, lambda_max * T = constant. Initially, T1 = 3000K. If lambda_max changes by 9 microns, we need the initial lambda_max. Assuming lambda_max1 = 1 micron (typical for 3000K), then lambda_max2 = 10 microns. T2 = (1/10) * 3000 = 300K.

Multiple choice physics energy production perfectly black body black-body radiation black body radiation

The rate of emission of radiation of a black body at 273$^{ \circ  }{ C }$ is E, then the rate of emission of radiation  of this body at 0$^{ \circ  }{ C }$ will be :-

  1. $\dfrac { E }{ 16 } $

  2. $\dfrac { E }{ 4 } $

  3. $\dfrac { E }{ 8 } $

  4. 0
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Stefan-Boltzmann law states E is proportional to T^4. T1 = 273 + 273 = 546K. T2 = 0 + 273 = 273K. Ratio E2/E1 = (273/546)^4 = (1/2)^4 = 1/16. Thus E2 = E/16.

Multiple choice physics energy production perfectly black body black-body radiation black body radiation

For non black bodies, the range of values of emissivity $e$ is 

  1. $- 1 < e < 1 $

  2. $- 1 < e < 0 $

  3. $ 1 < e < 2 $

  4. $0 < e < 1 $
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Emissivity (e) is defined as the ratio of energy radiated by a body to that of a black body at the same temperature. For a black body, e = 1. For non-black bodies, 0 < e < 1.

Multiple choice physics energy production perfectly black body black-body radiation black body radiation

An ideal black body is a :

  1. lump of charcoal heated to a high temperature

  2. metal coated with a black dye

  3. glass surface coated with coal tar

  4. hollow enclosure blackened inside and having a small hole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hollow enclosure blackened inside and having a small hole is a very good example of a black body.
Suppose once light enters inside it.
It may be absorbed or it may be reflected.
Since it is blackened from inside, there is a high probability that it will be absorbed.
Now if it is reflected, it will suffer multiple reflections and it is very unlikely that it will come out of the hole because the aperture of hole is too small. Moreover, with each reflection, more and more fraction of it will be absorbed. So, it will serve as a good black body.

Multiple choice physics energy production perfectly black body black-body radiation black body radiation

Which of the following is more close to a black body?

  1. Black board paint

  2. Green leaves

  3. Black holes

  4. Red roses
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

we know that $\alpha +\rho +\tau =1$
${\alpha}= absorptivity$
${\rho}=reflectivity$
${\tau}=transmitivity$
so for black body ${\rho}\  and \ {\tau} \ will\  be \ zero$
so ${\alpha}=1$ so black hole has also ${\alpha}=1$ which is equivalent to black body.

Hence we can consider black holes as black body.