Tag: science & technology

Ergonomic experts recommend placing computer monitors 18-30 inches (about arm's length) from your eyes to reduce eye strain and maintain proper posture. Viewing from a darkened room increases contrast strain, maximum contrast settings can cause eye fatigue, and while UV-filtering glasses exist, distance is the primary ergonomic factor.

A byte is the standard unit of digital information storage, universally defined as 8 bits. This standard allows for 256 possible values (2^8), which became the industry standard for representing a single character of text.

A retrovirus is specifically designed to attack antivirus programs or security software to prevent detection. Unlike worms (which self-replicate across networks) or trojans (which disguise themselves as legitimate software), retroviruses actively target and disable security defenses.

A Trojan horse (or Trojan) is malicious software that disguises itself as legitimate but doesn't replicate or copy itself unlike worms or viruses. It relies on user deception to execute and then damages the system or compromises security, often creating a backdoor for attackers.

OS/2 (originally written as OS-2 in some contexts) was an operating system developed by IBM and Microsoft in the late 1980s. While it eventually became solely IBM's product, it remains the only option listed that was produced by IBM.

MAC stands for Media Access Control, a protocol that operates at the data link layer of the OSI model. Every network device has a unique MAC address burned into its network interface card (NIC) for identification on a local network.

WordStar was the first commercially successful word processor, released in 1979. WordPerfect came later (1980), followed by MS Word (1983), while Lotus Notes is primarily collaboration/database software, not a word processor.

SSL stands for Secure Socket Layer, a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. It was the predecessor to TLS (Transport Layer Security) and operates at the transport layer to encrypt data.

SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) is the official registrar of IBAN (International Bank Account Number). SWIFT maintains the registry and oversees the IBAN system used for international wire transfers. The Euro Banking Association and Banking Union are not the registrars.

ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 standard defines card dimensions as 85.60 × 53.98 mm (approximately 86 × 54 mm). This standard is used for ATM cards, credit cards, and debit cards worldwide. Option C shows the closest approximate dimensions.