Tag: science & technology

A virus is malicious code that attaches itself to legitimate programs and replicates when those programs execute. A worm (A) can replicate independently without attaching to other programs. A Trojan horse (B) appears legitimate but doesn't self-replicate. Terminator (C) is not a malware type.

Pure water has the highest specific heat capacity (4.18 J/g°C) and thermal conductivity among the options, enabling it to absorb heat most rapidly. Salt water has slightly lower specific heat capacity. Motor oil has much lower heat capacity and thermal conductivity, making it the slowest coolant.

In monitor specifications, the format is horizontal_resolution × vertical_resolution × color_depth. So 640×480 is the pixel resolution and 256 represents the number of colors the monitor can display simultaneously (8-bit color, 2^8 = 256). This was common in VGA-era displays.

In the binary system used by computers, 1 kilobyte equals 2^10 bytes, which is 1024 bytes, not 1000 as in the decimal system. This is because computers work in base-2 arithmetic. 256 bytes is 1/4 KB, 512 is 1/2 KB, and 1.44 MB is a floppy disk capacity.

Approximately 71% of Earth's surface is covered by water, with oceans accounting for about 96.5% of all water. This is why Earth appears blue from space and is called the Blue Planet. The other options (25%, 55%, 40%) significantly underestimate the extent of water coverage.

In a CRT monitor, resolution is primarily limited by pixel size - smaller pixels allow more pixels per inch, creating sharper images with higher resolution. The number of pixels (B) is the result of size constraints, not the determining factor. Pixel shape (C) and color (D) don't directly control resolution.

Charles Darwin developed his theory of evolution during his voyage on HMS Beagle (1831-1836). The Santa Maria was Columbus' ship, Endeavour was Cook's, and Enterprise is a fictional/future name. The Beagle voyage to the Galapagos Islands was crucial to Darwin's observations.

An estuary is the correct term for where a river meets the sea, creating a wide body of brackish water with tidal influence. Ponds and lakes are freshwater bodies not connected to the sea, while a bay is a coastal inlet but not specifically a river mouth.

A supernova is the explosive death of a star, occurring when a massive star exhausts its nuclear fuel and collapses. A quasar is an extremely luminous active galactic nucleus, a pulsar is a rotating neutron star, and nebulae are clouds of gas and dust in space.

The gall bladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, releasing it into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion. The liver produces bile but does not store it, while the appendix and thyroid have unrelated digestive functions.