Tag: science & technology

Iodine deficiency causes goitre, a condition characterized by abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck. The thyroid requires iodine to produce hormones, and when iodine is insufficient, the gland enlarges to compensate. Thyroid is the gland itself (not the disease), Pellagra is caused by niacin (B3) deficiency, making Goitre the correct answer.

Vitamin A refers to a group of compounds called retinoids, including retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid. Vitamin Ace is not a valid chemical name. Thiamine is Vitamin B1. Retinoids is the correct chemical class for Vitamin A compounds.

Vitamin B1 is called thiamine. It's a water-soluble B-complex vitamin essential for carbohydrate metabolism. Riboflavin is Vitamin B2, not B1.

Vitamin B2 is chemically known as riboflavin. It's essential for energy production and cellular function. Biotin is Vitamin B7, and pellagra is a disease caused by Vitamin B3 deficiency.

Vitamin B3 is known as niacin or nicotinic acid. It's crucial for DNA repair and cholesterol regulation. Pyridoxal is Vitamin B6, and ariboflavinosis is a B2 deficiency disease.

Vitamin B5 is chemically known as pantothenic acid (from Greek 'pantothen' meaning 'from everywhere' due to its wide presence in foods). It's a water-soluble B vitamin essential for synthesizing coenzyme-A and metabolizing proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in the body.

JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, which is the name of the committee that created the standard. It is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images. Option A incorrectly says 'Giant' instead of 'Group', while options C and D introduce words like 'Photogenic' and 'Extracted' that are not part of the acronym.

Vitamin B6's chemical name is Pyridoxine. It is a water-soluble vitamin that plays important roles in metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and hemoglobin formation. Thiamine is Vitamin B1, while Neuropathy is actually a condition that can result from B6 deficiency, not the vitamin itself.

JIFF stands for JPEG Interchange Format File, which is a file format used for storing and exchanging JPEG-compressed images. Option A incorrectly uses 'Framed' instead of 'Format', while Option B changes 'JPEG' to 'Joint' and Option D changes 'Interchange' to 'Interactive'. JIFF files are essentially JPEG files with specific interchange formatting.

GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format, a bitmap image format developed by CompuServe in 1987. It supports up to 8 bits per pixel and allows a single image to reference its own palette of up to 256 different colors. Options B and D incorrectly use 'Interactive' instead of 'Interchange', while Option C incorrectly uses 'General' instead of 'Graphics'.