Tag: science & technology

Insulin is the hormone responsible for maintaining blood sugar levels. Produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, insulin allows cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream for energy production, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. Thyroxine regulates metabolism, and cytokinins are plant hormones, not relevant to human blood sugar regulation.

The human ear contains three tiny bones called ossicles - the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). These are the smallest bones in the human body and transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. The presence of these bones is essential for proper hearing function.

Ligaments are tough, fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to other bones at joints, providing stability and limiting excessive movement. They are different from tendons, which connect muscles to bones. Option A is incorrect because muscles connect to bones via tendons, not ligaments.

Tendons connect muscles to bones, transmitting muscle contractions to bones to create movement. They are different from ligaments, which connect bones to other bones. Option B is incorrect because tendons do not connect bones directly to each other.

The liver produces bile, which helps digest fats in the small intestine by emulsifying them. Bile is stored in the gallbladder and released when needed. Option A is incorrect because the liver does not primarily create hormones, and option B is incorrect because insulin is produced by the pancreas.

The normal resting heart rate for adults is typically 60-100 beats per minute, with 72 bpm being a commonly cited average. This can vary based on age, fitness level, and health status. The statement is factually correct as a general reference point.

Tuberculosis (TB) primarily affects the lungs, leading to a persistent cough, chest pain, and coughing up blood. Systemic symptoms include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Sneezing and cold are typical of viral upper respiratory infections.

The brain tissue itself lacks nociceptors (pain receptors). While the meninges and blood vessels surrounding the brain can feel pain (causing headaches), the brain parenchyma cannot feel pain during surgery or stimulation.

The human brain actually consumes about 20 watts of power, not 300-400 watts. The brain uses about 20% of the body's total energy despite being only 2% of body weight, but this amounts to roughly 20 watts, not hundreds of watts. The claim in the question is greatly exaggerated.

Research suggests that humans have approximately 60,000-70,000 thoughts per day, making option B the closest estimate. This varies by individual and depends on what constitutes a 'thought'. Option A is too high, and option C is too low.