Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Which is true about heparin and hyaluronic acid?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Both are mucopolysaccharides

  2. They are formed of glucuronic acid and glucosamine

  3. Heparin is anticoagulant while hyaluronic acid is lubricating

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Mucopolysaccharides are the chain of sugar which is mainly found in the mucus and fluids present in the joints.
Heparin is an anticoagulant as they prevent the clotting of the blood. It inactivates the thrombin in the clotting process. It is produced by the produced by basophils and mast cells. It is synthesized in the liver and circulates in plasma. It is a glycosaminoglycan.
Hyaluronic acid acts as a cushion and lubricant in the joints and other tissues. It also helps in the capacitation of the sperms. It is also found in the fluid of eyes and joints. 
So, the correct answer is option C.

The most common monomer of carbohydrates is a molecule of

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Glucose

  2. Maltose

  3. Amino acid

  4. Phospholipid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glucose is the simplest 6 carbon molecule that is the most common monomer of carbohydrates. It is the most abundant monosaccharide with the molecular formula C$ _6$H$ _1$$ _2$O$ _6$. It is mostly made by plants and green algae during photosynthesis.

Maltose is a disaccharide made of two molecules of glucose units.
An amino acid is the monomer of the proteins or polypeptide chains.
Phospholipids are mainly present in the cell membrane of animals that are made of phosphate and lipid molecules.
So, the correct option is 'Glucose'.

Which one of the following is a non - reducing carbohydrate?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. $\displaystyle Maltose$

  2. $\displaystyle Sucrose$

  3. $\displaystyle Lactose$

  4. $\displaystyle Ribose$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A non-reducing sugar is a carbohydrate that is not oxidized by a weak oxidizing agent (an oxidizing agent that oxidizes aldehydes but not alcohols, such as the Tollen's reagent) in basic aqueous solution. The characteristic property of non-reducing sugars is that, in basic aqueous medium, they do not generate any compounds containing an aldehyde group. Example : sucrose, which contains neither a hemiacetal group nor a hemiketal group and, therefore, is stable in water.

To which one of the following chemical groups does lignin belong?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Porphyries

  3. Alkaloids

  4. Phenols

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Correct Option: A

The prosthetic group of a conjugated protein classified as a glycoprotein is a

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Chromomorphic group

  2. Polysaccharide

  3. Metal ion

  4. Lipid

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A conjugated protein is a protein that functions in interaction with other (non-polypeptide) chemical groups attached by covalent bonding or weak interactions.  The non-amino part of a conjugated protein is usually called its prosthetic group. Most prosthetic groups are formed from vitamins. Glycoproteins are proteins that contain various amounts of carbohydrate. A number of very important proteins fall in this class, including many of the blood plasma proteins and a large number of en­zymes and hormones. The carbohydrate bonded at each site of the protein may consist of a sin­gle monosaccharide unit or a linear or branched chain of several mono saccharides (called an oligosaccharide).

So, the correct answer is 'Polysaccharide'.

Three important polysaccharides made up of glucose monomers are-

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose

  2. Chitin, Glycogen, Starch

  3. Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose

  4. RNA, DNA, Starch

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Polysaccharides are carbohydrates whose molecules are made up of sugar molecules bonded together. They are composed of long-chain of monosaccharides. They range in structure from linear to highly branched form. They are made up of sugar mainly including glucose, fructose, etc.
So, the correct option is 'Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose'.

A polysaccharide is made up of which kind of monomers?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Simple sugars

  2. Amino acids

  3. Nucleotides

  4. Fatty acids and glycerol

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Simple sugars are the monomers for the polysaccharides or carbohydrates. Simple sugars include glucose, fructose, ribose, xylose, etc.

Amino acids are the monomers for the polypeptide chains or proteins.
Nucleotides are the monomers of the nucleic acids i.e. DNA and RNA. Each nucleotide contains mainly three parts, namely sugar molecule, a nitrogenous base and a phosphate molecule.
Three molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of glycerol together form the fats and oils.
So, the correct option is 'Simple sugars'.

Which one of the following is a polysaccharide?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Glucose

  2. Glycogen

  3. Maltose

  4. Lactose

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in humans, animals, and fungi

Hence, the correct answer is 'Glycogen'.

Select the correct option:

How many carbon atoms are generally used in composition of monosaccharides?

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. 3 to 7

  2. 1 to 5

  3. 5 to 10

  4. 5 to 15

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carbohydrates are also called saccharides because their basic components are sugars. Monosaccharides are those sugars or simple carbohydrate monomers which cannot be hydrolysed further into smaller components. They have a general formula of $C _nH _{2n}O _n$. Depending upon the number of carbon atoms, monosaccharides are of five types : trioses (having 3 carbon atoms, glyceraldehyde), tetroses (having four carbon atoms, e.g., erythrose), pentoses (having five carbon atoms, e.g, ribose), hexoses (having six carbon atoms, e.g.; glucose), heptoses (having seven carbon atoms, e.g., sedoheptulose).

So, the correct answer is '3 to 7'.

Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth, are produced by

biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

  1. Some bacteria, algae and green plant cells

  2. All bacteria, fungi and algae

  3. Fungi, algae and green plants cells

  4. Viruses, fungi and bacteria

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Photosynthesis is a process of generating the food for green plants and other organisms. It involves the conversion of light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy in form of ATP. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water. In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis. Such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Thus, option A is correct. Carbohydrates are not produced by fungi and viruses. Thus, other options are wrong.