Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

During the process of blood coagulation, vitamin k helps in

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. The formation of thromboplastin

  2. The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

  3. The conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

  4. The formation of prothrombin

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Vitamin K helps in the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver.

So, the correct answer is 'The formation of prothrombin'

In the clotting mechanism pathway, thrombin activates the factors

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. XI, VIII, V

  2. XI, IX, X

  3. VIII, X, V

  4. only XIII

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In the blood coagulation pathway thrombin activates Factor XIII to XIIIa that helps in binding of fibrin monomers to form the stable fibrin filament.

So, the correct answer is 'only XIII'

Which proteolytic enzyme induces lysis of fibrin during fibrinolysis?

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Fibrin

  2. Thrombin

  3. Plasmin

  4. Platelet factor VIII

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Plasmin is the proteolytic enzyme that induces lysis of fibrin to fibrin degradation products during fibrinolysis (enzymatic breakdown of fibrin during blood clots)

So, the correct answer is 'Plasmin'

Mark the pair of substances among the following which is essential for coagulation of blood.

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Heparin and calcium ions

  2. Calcium ions and platelet factors

  3. Oxalates and citrates

  4. Platelet factors and heparin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Calcium ions and platelets are essential factors for clotting of blood. During some injury, the platelets release inactivated platelet factors that are involved in the activation of other factors involved in the formation of clots in the blood. Calcium ions in the blood catalyze the activation of many factors involved in clot formation like factor VIII, factor IX, factor V and factor XIII.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Calcium ions and platelet factors.'

Which of these are necessary for initiation of blood clotting process?

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Prothrombinase and thrombin

  2. Tissue factor hageman factor and $Ca^{2+}$

  3. Prothrobinase and $K^{2+}$

  4. Prothrobinase , tissue factor and $Ca^{2+}$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

There are two processes that can initiate clotting

  1. A very rapid process the so-called extrinsic pathway 
  2. A slower but larger intrinsic pathway
In the extrinsic pathway- Damaged cells display a surface protein called tissue factor
In the intrinsic pathway- Factor 12 (XII) (also called the Hageman factor) circulates in the blood.
Calcium ions are required for the promotion or acceleration of blood clotting pathways
So correct option is B, Tissue factor hageman factor and $Ca^{2+}$.

Removal of calcium from freshly collected blood will

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Prevent clotting

  2. Result in clotting

  3. Prevent oxidation of haemoglobin

  4. Cause haemolysis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Clotting requires calcium ions ($Ca2^+$), which is why blood banks use a chelating agent to bind the calcium in donated blood, so the blood will not clot in the bag.

Mineral essential for the coagulation of blood is

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Potassium

  2. Magnesium

  3. Calcium

  4. Sodium

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

All the reactions which happen during the clotting process require calcium ions for their occurrence. Calcium works together with vitamin K and a protein called as fibrinogen in the clotting cascade. Without adequate levels of calcium and vitamin K, blood will take longer to clot and if both nutrients are missing it could be fatal. Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

The vitamin essential for the synthesis of prothrombin is 

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Vitamin K

  2. Vitamin E

  3. Vitamin A

  4. Vitamin D

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Prothrombin is a precursor of the clotting factor thrombin. Prothrombin forms thrombin in the cascade clotting reaction. It is produced in the liver cells in the presence of vitamin K.

The blood does not clot inside the body because of

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Oxygenation of blood

  2. Movement of blood

  3. Heparin in blood

  4. Absence of fibrinogen in blood

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A blood clot is actually the thickened mass formed by the blood platelets and stops the blood profusely out of any cuts or wounds. However, in general and in healthy condition blood does not form clots inside the body due to the presence of heparin an anticoagulant that is secreted by the basophils and mast  cells of the blood. Since, this is released into the blood vessels it prevents the formation of clots in them
So, the correct answer is 'Heparin in blood'

Which option is correct for the formation of intrinsic factor-X activator complex for blood coagulation?

biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

  1. Activated Christmas factor + AHG + phospholipid + $Ca^{+2}$

  2. Inactivated Christmas factor + AHG + phospholipid +$Ca^{+2}$

  3. Convertin + AHG + $Ca^{+2}$+ FSF

  4. Phospholipid - protein complex + Proconvertin

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hageman factor XII is activated when it comes in contact with a damaged blood vessel. The activated Hageman factor activates the factor XI. The activated factor XI acts on Chrishmas factor IX to form activated IXa. Factor IXa combines with AHG VIII phospholipid and calcium ions to form a complex called intrinsic factor X activator complex. Thus the correct answer is option A.