Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Excessively high heart rate (> 180) can reduce cardiac output because 

biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

  1. Blood is moving too fast through the lungs to pick up enough oxygen

  2. It tires out the heart muscles and so they pump slower

  3. It reduces the time for ventricular filling which reduces stroke volume

  4. The PR-interval increases which leads to longer ventricular diastole and shorter ventricular systole

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Heart rate affects both stroke volume and minute volume by altering the length of diastole and thereby the degree of filling and force of contraction. Minute volume and B.P may rise even if the stroke volume falls. This happens with a moderate rise in the heart rate. But if the heart rate is too high, the stroke volume becomes so low that the minute output falls far below the normal.

During muscular exercise, the output may be 30-40 litres i.e., 6-10 times the normal minute volume( stroke volume 170-200 ml; heart rate 150-180 per minute).
So, the correct answer is 'It reduces the time for ventricular filling which reduces stroke volume'.

Bicuspid and tricuspid valves are open during

biology transportation in plants and circulation in animals heart beat cardiac cycle heart, blood vessels and cardiac cycle

  1. Ventricular systole

  2. Ventricular diastole

  3. Atrial systole

  4. Late joint diastole

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Atrial systole occurs at the end of ventricular diastole. After the ventricle has pumped its blood, it begins to relax. There is now negative pressure in the ventricle (since it is now empty), and this pressure helps to draw in the blood from the atrium when it enters into systole. So during atrial systole, the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are open, and the pulmonary/aortic semilunar valves are closed. Then during the diastole, the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are closed.

when children play bare-footed in pools of dirty water and flood water,they may suffer from

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

  1. Leptospirosis and bilharzia

  2. Malaria ,amoebic dyscentry and leptospirosis

  3. Bilharzia,infective hepatitis and diarrhoea

  4. Guineaworm infection,elephantiasis and amoebic dyscentry

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever and bilharzia is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called schistosomes. The disease is spread by contact with fresh water contaminated with the parasites. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries, as they are more likely to play in contaminated water.
  • Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver tissue. Hepatitis is majorly caused by the virus known as infective hepatitis. Infective hepatitis is mainly spread by contaminated food and water.
  • Diarrhoea is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. Diarrhoea lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. These infections are often acquired from food or water that has been contaminated by faeces, or directly from another person who is infected.
  • Hence, these diseases may occur when children play bare-footed in pools of dirty water and flood water.
So, the correct answer is 'Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea'.

Blue boy(Methenoglobinemia) disease is caused by the contamination of drinking water with ___________.

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

  1. Chloride

  2. Nitrate

  3. Sulphate

  4. Iodide

Show answer
Correct Option: A

What causes bacillary, dysentry and diarrhoea in humans?

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

  1. Bacteria

  2. Virus

  3. Food and Water contamination

  4. Amoeba

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Which of the following are water-borne diseases?

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

  1. Influenza

  2. Cholera

  3. Malaria

  4. Tuberculosis

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Which one of the following diseases is not due to contamination of water ?

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

  1. Hepatitis-B

  2. Jaundice

  3. Cholera

  4. Typhoid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hepatitis B is a viral infection. It shows symptoms like nausea, vomiting, weakness, fatigue, etc. It is a type of liver infection that develops liver cirrhosis at a later stage. It also increases the risk of developing liver failure or cancer. It is spread through sexual contact or from mother to fetus. 

So, option A is the correct answer.

Describe the causative agent,symptoms,treatment and preventive measure of any two of the following human diseases:

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

  1. Dysentery

  2. Dengue fever

  3. Pneumonia

  4. Filaria

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Dysentery:
Causative agent-Entamoeba histolytica 
Symptoms- Constipation, abdominal pain and cramps, stools with mucus and blood.
Treatment and preventive measure- 
Useful drugs are metronidazole or tinidazole.
Avoiding contaminated food and water as these are the main source of infection. Houseflies are the mechanical carriers and transmit the parasite from the infected person to the foods and contaminate them.

Filariasis:
Causative agent- filarial nematodes, Wuchereria bancrofti and Wuchereria malayi  . The infection is caused by different species of mosquitoes like Culex, Aedes etc.
Symptoms- when the larvae of the parasite enter the human body through the bite of a mosquito and migrate to the peripheral lymphatic system and then to lymph nodes and then to large lymph vessels and obstruct the flow.There is oedema of the affected area. The lower extremities swell and resemble the feet of an elephant. Genital organs are also often affected and get deformed.
Treatment and preventive measure-
Useful drugs heterozan, MSF and diethylcarbamazine.
Also, it's important to protect from the bite of a mosquito as they are the main vectors of this parasite.

which of the following is not a water borne disease?

biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

  1. Diarrhea

  2. gastroenteritis

  3. Typhoid

  4. All

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Several diseases specially diarrhea, gastroenteritis, typhoid, dysentery are very common in areas deficient in proper water supply.
At many places, water from hand -pumps and other sources is contaminated. At certain places, harmful mineral contents in water obtained through wells or
hand pumps cause health problems.

Which is not a water borne disease?

biology for a pollution free nation water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life basics of water pollution

  1. Asthma

  2. Cholera

  3. Amoebiasis

  4. Typhoid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Asthma is a common long-term inflammatory (allergic) disease of the airways of the lungs. It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm. Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. These episodes may occur a few times a day or a few times per week. There is no cure for asthma. Symptoms can be prevented by avoiding triggers, such as allergens and irritants, and by the use of inhaled corticosteroids.

So, the correct answer is 'Asthma'.