Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Anticoagulant substance in endospore of bacteria is found in 

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Exosporium and spore coat

  2. Spore coat and cortex

  3. Cortex and core wall

  4. Cortex and cytoplasm

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Endospore of bacteria is mainly covered with three extra layers: 

Exosporium, spore coat and cortex.
Exosporium and spore coat are made of proteins, whereas cortex is made of modified peptidoglycans. Peptidoglycans are coagulants.
Proteins are anticoagulants hence found in exosporium and spore coat.
So the correct answer is ' Exosporium and spore coat'. 

The group showing maximum nutritional diversity is

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Monera

  2. Plantae

  3. Fungi

  4. Algae

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The kingdom monera is comprised of two groups as archaebacteria and eubacteria. There is diverse range of organisms which are placed under this kingdom. There are prokaryotic bacteria which possess the heterotrophic mode of nutrition in which the digested food material is directly engulfed by the cell. The cyanobacteria are autotrophic and can prepare their food through photosynthesis. There are some chemotrophs which use the organic and inorganic compounds as the source of energy. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Which unicellular organism of the following does not possess the organised nucleus?

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Bacteria

  2. Amoeba

  3. Chlamydomonas

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The kingdom monera is comprised of the prokaryotic organisms. The kingdom is divided into two groups, archaebacteria and eubacteria. They are unicellular or multicellular forming filamentous structures. They do not have well-developed cell organelles such as the nuclear membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, etc. Bacteria is a prokaryote while Amoeba and Chlamydomonas are eukaryotes. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Bacteria are included in which of the following kingdoms?

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Protista

  2. Plantae

  3. Monera

  4. Animalia

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Whittaker has divided the living world into different kingdoms. According to him, all living organisms are classified into 5 different kingdoms. Out of these 5, all microscopic minute bacteria are included in the kingdom monera. They constitute unicellular prokaryotic organisms.

So, option C "Monera" is the correct answer.

Which among the following organisms belong to kingdom Monera?

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Lactobacilli

  2. Anabena

  3. Bacteria

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The correct answer is 'all of the above'

Monera is a kingdom of unicellular prokaryotic organisms such bacteria, anabena, lactobacilli etc which have poor nuclear organisation.

On what basis plasmids can be separated?

biology classification of plants monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Their size

  2. Their charge

  3. Their A-T:G-C compositiion

  4. Both (A) and (B)

  5. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plasmid DNA can be analysed using agarose gel electrophoresis. When sample of DNA is loaded, onto the agarose gel and electric field is applied, it results in separation of DNA molecules according to their size and shape. On agarose gel, small molecules of DNA are able to pass easily in the electric field. DNA possesses strong negative charge which helps in its movement towards positive electrode in the electrophoresis apparatus. Along with size and shape of DNA molecule, electrophoresis buffer type also determines the rate of migration of DNA molecule.

The organelles found in 4 different types of cells are shown in the table below. Use the information in the table to answer the next 3 questions.
Cell Types and Their Characteristics

Cell Type Nucleus Mitochondria Cell Wall  Cell Membrane Chloroplast
1234 yesyesyes no yesyesyesno noyesyesyes yesyesyesyes noyes nono

Which cell type is prokaryotic?

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Cell 1 and 2 only

  2. Cell 3 only

  3. Cell 4 only

  4. Cell 2 and 3 only

  5. Cell 3 and 4 only

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A prokaryotic cell doesn't have well defined nucleus and membrane bound cell organelles but cell wall and cell membrane are present.
From the information given in the question, it is clear that cell 4 doesn't have a nucleus and the membrane bound cell organelles, mitochondria and chloroplast but it has cell wall and cell membrane.
So, the correct answer is 'Cell 4 only'.

Ray fungi are

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. Phycomycetes

  2. Ascomycetes

  3. Actinomycetes

  4. Basidiomycetes

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ray fungi are also called as Actinomycetes. They form a mycelium consisting of narrow hyphae. They show characteristics of both fungi and bacteria. They form the normal part of the mouth flora in the human. They produce many antibiotics like streptomycin, actinomycin and chloromycin. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Actinomycetes.'

Which of the following differentiates gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

biology classification of plants monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. A liposaccharide, outer covering with a small peptidoglycan component in the cell wall

  2. A small peptidoglycan, component covering a large liposaccharide base

  3. A large peptidoglycan, component in the cell wall

  4. A cell wall composed of liposaccharide and chitin

  5. A cell wall composed of chitin over peptidoglycan

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The gram-negative cell wall is characterized by presence of outer membrane, a thinner peptidoglycan layer and extensive periplasmic space surrounding the peptidoglycan. The uppermost layer of the outer membrane has lipopolysaccharide while the innermost layer is a typical lipid layer. Gram positive cells are characterized by presence of single thick layer of cell wall which is made up of peptidogycan, teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid. They lack outer membrane and porin and have narrow periplasmic space. Correct answer is C.

All autotrophs are monerans.

biology biodiversity and classification monera five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Monera is a kingdom that contains unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization such as a bacteria.
  • Moneran has heterogenicity in the mode of nutrition.
  • They are single-celled organisms with no true nuclear membrane 
  • The taxon Monera was first proposed as a phylum by Ernest Haeckel in 1866.
  • Autotrophs are the organism which prepares their own food. plants are autotrophs but belongs to Plantae.
So, the correct option is 'False'.