Tag: biology

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Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is consistently above

  1. 120/180

  2. 140/180

  3. 120/85

  4. 140/90
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hypertension is caused due to an elevation in the pressure applied during the blood flow in the blood vessels. Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements, the systolic and diastolic pressures, which are the maximum and minimum pressures, respectively, in the arterial system. The systolic pressure occurs when the left ventricle is most contracted, the diastolic pressure occurs when the left ventricle is most relaxed prior to the next contraction. Normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100–140 millimeters mercury (mmHg) systolic and 60–90 mmHg diastolic. Hypertension is present if the blood pressure is persistently at or above 140/90 mmHg for most adults. 

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Hypertension occurs due to

  1. Smoking

  2. Obesity

  3. Stress

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Hypertension is defined as an increase in the blood pressure in the arteries. It is a severe condition which may lead to heart strokes. Obesity, smoking, diabetes type 1 or type 2, kidney disease, high alcohol intake, stress, excessive salt intake, lack of exercise, certain medicines, such as steroids are the common cause of hypertension.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

High blood pressure is called as

  1. Hypotension

  2. Hypermetropia

  3. Hypertension

  4. Myopia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hypertension is the term for high blood pressure when blood pressure is higher than normal (normal 120/80 mmHg). In this measurement 120 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury pressure) is the systolic, or pumping pressure and 80 mm Hg is the diastolic, or resting pressure. If repeated checks of blood pressure of an individual are 140/90 (140 over 90) or higher, it shows hypertension. High blood pressure leads to heart diseases and also affects vital organs like brain and kidney.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

An artifical pacemaker is implanted subcutaneously and
connected to the heart in patients

  1. Having 90% blockage of the three main coronary arteries

  2. Having a very high blood pressure

  3. With irregularity in the heart rhythm

  4. Suffering from arteriosclerosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When irregularity in the heart rhythm occurs, normal heart rhythm can be reared and maintained by surgically implanting an artificial pace maker, a device that sends out small electrical current to stimulate the heart to contract.

Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Increase in blood pressure is

  1. Arteriosclerosis

  2. Atherosclerosis

  3. Hypertension

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure increases above systolic pressure (140 mm Hg) and diastolic pressure (90 mm Hg). This condition is also known as high blood pressure. It occurs due to emotional  stress and nervous tension that leads to contraction of arteries. It is one of the major causes of heart failure and stroke. Due to hypertension, the arteries of kidneys may get damaged and this causes chronic nephritis. 
So, the correct answer is 'Hypertension'.
Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

What is correct regarding blood pressure?

  1. 105/50 mm Hg makes one very active

  2. 100/55 mm Hg is considered at ideal blood pressure

  3. 190/110 mm Hg may harm vital organs like brain and kidneys

  4. 130/90 mm Hg is considered as high and requires treatment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Blood pressure 190/110 mm Hg indicates high blood pressure or hypertension. Normal systolic and diastolic blood pressure in body is 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg respectively. Pressure above 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg is high blood pressure which can cause damage to vital organs like brain and kidney. High blood pressure can cause damage to blood vessels in brain and kidney. This can lead to rupture of blood vessels and cause brain haemorrhage. In kidneys, high blood pressure can lead to inadequate supply of blood to kidney and thus, resulting in decreased filtration.
So, the correct answer is '190/110 mm Hg may harm vital organs like brain and kidneys'.
Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

A patient was administered a chemical agent called Guanfacine hydrochloride after the patient showed the symptoms like shortness of breath and headache. Guantacme hydrochloride is a known stimulant of central $\alpha - 2 $ -adrenergic receptors of the medulla regulating the sympathetic nervous system. The patient in this case must be suffering from

  1. Hypertension

  2. Hyperslimulation

  3. Hyperpolarization

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Alpha 2 receptors in the brain stem and in the periphery inhibit sympathetic activity and thus lower blood pressure.

Guanfacine is an antihypertensive drug whose principal mechanism of action is the stimulation of central α2-adrenergic receptors. By stimulating these receptors, guanfacine reduces sympathetic nerve impulses from the vasomotor center to the heart and blood vessels. This decreases blood pressure.
So, the correct option is 'Hypertension'. 

Multiple choice biology body fluids and circulation cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Which of the following should a heart patient firmly avoid?

  1. Cream

  2. Mango

  3. Rice

  4. Milk
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Heart diseases can be caused due to a number of factors such as  age, gender, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive consumption of alcohol, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetics, high cholesterol levels , psychosocial factors and pollution, However, a patient with any form of heart disease should avoid cream as intake of dietary trans fat tends to perturb  the body's ability to metabolize the essential fatty acids which lead to changes in the  phospholipid fatty acid composition of the main artery of the heart. This tends to increase the risk of coronary heart disease.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Which of the following is not a risk factor for CVD?

  1. Raised blood pressure

  2. Raised blood glucose

  3. Lack of iron

  4. Raised blood lipids

  5. Overweight.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is option C i.e. "Lack of iron"
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels (e.g. coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease,congenital heart disease, etc.). The most important risk factors of CVD are hypertension (raised blood pressure), diabetes (raised blood glucose), hyperlipidaemia (raised blood lipids), unhealthy diet, obesity (overweight), tobacco use, smoking and harmful use of alcohol.
Also, lack of iron leads to anemia or lack of hemoglobin production and not CVD.