Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Brewery is concerned with ______________.

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Saccharomyces

  2. Protozoans

  3. Pteridophytes

  4. Marsupials

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Correct Option: B

Which among the following alcoholic beverage will be formed by distillation?

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Brandy

  2. Wine

  3. Beer

  4. All

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Distillation is the process by which water is removed from a mixture of ethanol and water. During distillation, alcohol and water are separated from each other using the difference in their boiling points.
  • Whisky, brandy and rum are produced by distillation of the fermented broth. 
  • Hence the alcoholic beverage formed by distillation id Brandy.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Brandy'.

Malt is prepared from

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Rice

  2. Barley

  3. Wheat

  4. Citrus

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The germinated grains are used for the preparation of malt. The grains are dried and transformed to form a mixture which is known as malt. The grains are germinated by soaking in water. The process of germination is stopped by drying the grains. The germinated grains contain many enzymes which can be collected together to prepare an enzyme preparation. These are active enzymes which can be used for the process of conversion of the sugars into smaller components which can be used for the growth of organisms in the preparation of alcoholic beverages. Malt is prepared from barley grains and not from rice, wheat, and citrus. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Wine turns sour on

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Exposure to light

  2. Contamination by aerobic bacteria Acetobacter aceti

  3. Contamination by anaerobic bacteria

  4. On heating

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When a wine bottle is exposed to air, its contents get oxidize. It gets contaminated by aerobic bacteria Acetobacter aceti. This bacteria turn the alcohol in wine into acetic acid. This will turn wine sour and gives it a vinegar taste. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Contamination by aerobic bacteria Acetobacter aceti.'

Fermentation for the industrial production of ethanol is carried out by

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Saccharomyces

  2. Lactobacillus

  3. Streptomyces

  4. Acetobacter

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Microbial production of one of the organic feedstocks from plant substances such as molasses is presently used for ethanol production. The commercial production is carried out with Saccha­romyces cerevisiae. Saccharomyces cerevisiae starts producing ethanol at the rate of 10% (v/v) with 10-20g cells dry weight/lit. The reduction in fermentation time is accomplished use of ceil recycling continuously in fermentation.

So the correct answer is 'Saccharomyces'.

Microorganism used in fermentation for alcohol is

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Lactobacillus

  2. Saccharomyces

  3. Penicllium

  4. Acetobacter

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Fermentation bacteria are anaerobic, but use organic molecules as their final electron acceptor to produce fermentation end-products. Alcohol fermentation is done by yeast and some kinds of bacteria. Saccharomyces convert sugars in ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. Alcoholic fermentation begins after glucose enters the cell. The glucose is broken down into pyruvic acid. This pyruvic acid is then converted to CO2, ethanol, and energy for the cell. Humans have long taken advantage of this process in making bread, beer, and wine.
SO the correct answer is 'Saccharomyces'.

Beer is fermented from

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Molasses

  2. Grape

  3. Barley

  4. Wheat

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Beer is produced from malted barley. It has an alcohol content of about 3-6%. The formation of beer is carried out with the help of brewer's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast causes fermentation of malted barley (the germinating grains of Barley that have been dried). This results in the formation of ethyl alcohol along with carbon dioxide. It also provides characteristic taste and flavour to beer.
So, the correct answer is 'Barley'.

Brandy is distilled product of fermented

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Fruit juice

  2. Molasses

  3. Rice

  4. Barley

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Brandy is produced from the distillation of wine which in turn is produced by fermentation of fruit juices. The alcohol content of Brandy is about 35-60% by volume. Generally grape wine is used for making brandy but fruits like apple, cherries, pears etc. are also used for making wine. Brandy made from these fruits is called fruit brandy. Brandy is generally drunk after dinner. Brandy is often aged to enhance its taste.
So, the correct answer is 'Fruit juice'.

Which organic compound in produced by fermentation and is used to partially replace fossil fuel?

microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. Butanol

  2. Methanol

  3. Ethanol

  4. Propanol

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ethanol is produced by yeast fermentation and is used partially to replace fossil fuels.

Correct answer-C

Match the columns.

(a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (i) Production of immunosuppressive agent
(b) Monascus purpureus (ii) Ripening swiss cheese
(c) Trichoderma polysporum (iii) Commercial production of ethanol
(d) Propionibacterium sharmanli (iv) Production of blood cholesterol lowering agents
microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology

  1. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

  2. a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

  3. a-iv, b-ii, c-i, d-iii

  4. a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Ethanol production

Monascus purpureus-Production of blood cholesterol lowering statins
Trichoderma polysporum-Production of immunosuppressive agent Cyclosporin A
Propionibacterium shermanii-Swiss cheese ripening
Correct answer-A