Tag: biology

Mechanical composting devices accelerate the stabilization process through forced aeration and controlled conditions. The timeframe of 3-6 days is a reasonable estimate for accelerated composting systems, compared to traditional methods that take weeks. The question contains a spelling error - 'compositing' should be 'composting'.

Incineration is the process of burning solid waste at high temperatures. This method reduces the volume of waste significantly.

Uncontrolled dumping is indeed the cheapest method of solid waste disposal as it requires minimal infrastructure or processing. Chemical waste and nuclear waste require specialized, expensive handling. Food waste is too narrow a category. The sentence structure is grammatically poor.

In the hierarchy of solid waste management, the first step is typically generation or collection, followed by processing (such as sorting or treatment) before final disposal.

Recycling is a key component of sustainable solid waste management, as it reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills and conserves resources.

4R's principle means that use of non-environmental friendly substance should be reduced. They should be Reuse, Recycled and Recovered. 

Introduction of an undesired component in the natural ecosystem is called as pollution. Water insoluble chemical that seeps inside the soil and gets mixed with ground water. Due to this ground water gets polluted.

The industrial wastes can be treated by the chemical method is which chemicals with a positive charge are added to water. The positive charge of these chemicals called coagulants neutralizes the negative charge of dirt and other dissolved particles in water. The particles then bind with water and form large particles called floc. The anionic flocculant is added to these flocs. Because the flocculants react against the positively charged mixture, it either neutralizes the particle groups or creates bridge between them to bring particles into larger groups. After this sedimentation is used to remove the particles from the mixture. 

Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas and heat. The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste, and may take the form of solid lumps or particulates carried by the flue gas. The flue gases must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before they are dispersed into the atmosphere. In some cases, the heat generated by incineration can be used to generate electric power. 

Material recovery is possible from industrial waste. Organic waste can be used for energy production with various processes such as bio-gas production. About $150$ tonnes of solid waste can produce $14000$ cu.cm. Of bio-gas, which generates $1.2$MW of power and $45$ tonnes of manure.