Tag: biology

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Multiple choice biology nervous system the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

What is the correct path of a reflex arc?

  1. $Sensory stimulus \rightarrow Dendrite \rightarrow Axon$
  2. $ Motor nerves \rightarrow Acetylcholine \rightarrow Adjustor neuron$
  3. $ Efferent nerves \rightarrow Connector nerves \rightarrow Motor nerves$
  4. $Afferent nerves \rightarrow Efferent nerves \rightarrow Connector nerves$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice biology nervous system the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

The delay in transmission from the dorsal to the ventral root across the spinal cord for the reflex pathways 'A', 'B', 'D' and 'C' respectively is 0.5 ms,1.0 ms, 1.5 ms, and 2.0 ms.Identify the correct option: (Average synaptic delay =0.5 ms)

  1. A=monosynaptic , B=bisynaptic , C=trisynaptic

  2. A=monosynaptic , B= trisynaptic , D=bisynaptic

  3. A=monosynaptic , C=trisynap tic , D=quadrisynaptic

  4. A=monosynaptic , D=trisynaptic , C=quadrisynaptic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Monosynaptic transmission involves only two neurons, one sensory and one motor. In this, the signal is passed from one neuron to another neuron. In multisynaptic transmission, more than two neurons are involved. In this case, there is some delay in transmission of neural signal at the synapses. This is because more synapses are encountered in a reflex pathway and hence it takes more time to effect the reflex. In the given problem, it is given than average synaptic delay is 0.5 ms. Reflex pathway A is monsynaptic as it is taking 0.5 ms for transmission of signal. Reflex pathway B is disynaptic as it is taking 1.0 ms for signal transmission. This is because there are three neurons are involved. From sensory neuron each motor neuron takes 0.5 ms for transmission of signal. Reflex pathway for D is trisynaptic as it is having 1.5 ms of synaptic delay. Similarly, reflex pathway for C is quadrisynaptic as it is having 2.0 ms of synaptic delay. 

The correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology nervous system the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Reflex arc consists of 

  1. Motor nerve

  2. Sensory nerve

  3. Both sensory and motor nerves

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The primary components of the reflex arc are the sensory-nerve cells (or receptors), that receive stimulation, in turn connecting to other nerve cells, that activate muscle cells (or effectors), which perform the reflex action.

Multiple choice biology the nervous system the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Pavlov's pouch is

  1. An artificial stomach

  2. A bag containing digestive enzymes

  3. A bag containing food

  4. Opened stomach of a dog
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Pavlov's Pouch is an artificially created pouch for experimental purposes.
  • It was surgically created by a physiologist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov.
  • It was created to study the physiology of the digestive tract.
  • It was also used to study the principles of secretion of the fundal glands.
  • It is a small portion of the stomach which is separated from the main stomach of a dog.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Opened stomach of a dog'.
Multiple choice biology the nervous system the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

The scientist who found secretion of gastric juice to be under control of nervous system was

  1. Ernest Starling

  2. Reamur

  3. Spallanzani

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Secretin was the first hormone to be identified. In 1902, William Bayliss and Ernest Starling were studying how the nervous system controls the process of digestion.
  •  It was known that the pancreas secreted digestive juices in response to the passage of food (chyme) through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum. Hence, The scientist who found secretion of gastric juice to be under control of the nervous system was Ernest Starling.
So, the correct answer is 'Ernst starling'.

Multiple choice biology health and hygiene antibiotics and their uses common health care methods first aid

Comminuted fractures are those in which

  1. A bone breaks into many pieces and some of the pieces are without blood circulation.

  2. A bone breaks into two parts.

  3. A bone breaks into many parts.

  4. A small piece of bone breaks.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • A fracture is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of the bone.
  • Comminuted fractures are those in which a bone breaks into many pieces and some of the pieces are without blood circulation.
  • These types of fractures occur after high impact trauma such as vehicular accidents.
  • These types of fractures take a minimum of 3 months to recover.
  • So, the correct answer is ''A bone breaks into many pieces and some of the pieces are without blood circulation'.
Multiple choice biology animal physiology kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Antidiuretic hormone is put into the blood by the

  1. Hypothalamus

  2. Pituitary gland

  3. Liver

  4. Small intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a hormone that is produced in a part of the brain called as the hypothalamus. It is then stored and released from the pituitary gland, a small gland at the base of the brain. ADH acts on the kidneys to control the amount of water excreted in the urine

So, the correct answer is 'Pituitary gland'

Multiple choice biology animal physiology kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Uraemia is an excretory disorder in which

  1. The tubules of kidney reabsorb urea in large amount

  2. Concentration of urea goes high in the blood because the tubules are not able to remove it from the blood

  3. Urea is produced in excess in the body

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Urea is very soluble and a small molecule, so it is relatively easily passed out by the kidneys as a solution in water. Uraemia is an excretory disorder in which there is increased level of urea in the blood. It is caused due to the renal failure. In uremia, the tubular absorption of urea in collecting duct is inhibited. Progressive weakness and easy fatigue, loss of appetite due to nausea and vomiting, muscle atrophy, are some common symptoms of ureamia. 

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

The structures present in the roots to absorb water and minerals are 

  1. Epidermal appendages

  2. Epidermal extensions

  3. Hypodermis

  4. Endodermis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Root hairs are the lateral epidermal extensions or tubular outgrowths in the roots (zone of maturation) of plants.
  • The root hairs penetrate into the soil and prevent harmful microbes from entering the plant through the xylem vessels.
  • They increase the surface area for absorption of water and nutrients from the soil.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Epidermal extensions'.