Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following are the first and last elements in a spinal reflex?

biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Axon and dendrite

  2. Sense organ and muscle effector

  3. Ventral horn and dorsal horn

  4. Motor neuron and sensory neuron

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Receptor - sense organ in the skin, muscle, or another organ.
  • Sensory neuron - carrier impulse within CNS
Interneuron - carrier impulse within CNS
  • Motor neuron - carrier impulse towards CNS
  • Effector - structure by which an animal responds.
So, the correct option is 'Sense organs and muscle effector'.

What are symptoms of carbon monoxide exposure?

biology respiratory system of human diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. Loss?of consciousness

  2. Memory problems

  3. Vomiting

  4. Both a and b

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Correct Option: D

Mark the correct statement (w.rt. sickle cell-anaemia) - 

biology keeping diseases away diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. Homozygous individuals for $Hb^s$ are apparently unaffected

  2. Heterozygous individuals exhibit sickle-cell trait

  3. Heterozygous individuals are affected as well as carrier

  4. Homozygous individuals for $Hb^A$ show the diseased phenotype

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Correct Option: A

The most basic amino acid is

biology keeping diseases away diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. Arginine

  2. Hisstidine

  3. Glycine

  4. Glutamine

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glutamine and Glycine are not basic amino acids. Only Arginine and Histidine are basic amino acids. Histidine is weakly charged under physiological ph. Hence, Arginine is the most basic amino acid. 

So the correct option is 'Arginine'.

The carcinogenic ingredient of tobacco smoke is

biology respiratory system of human diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. Nicotine

  2. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

  3. Carbon monoxide

  4. Tar

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of chemicals that are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage or other organic substances, such as tobacco and charbroiled meat.
They are the carcinogenic or cancer-causing substance in the tobacco smoke.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Smoking can result in 

biology respiratory system of human diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. Fever

  2. Death

  3. Head ache

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Smoking is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Smoking still remains one of the leading causes of preventable death. Smoking has the dubious distinction of affecting all the systems from head to foot. Cigarette smoking causes many types of cancer. It also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy can lead to delivery complications and increase the risk of health problems in the newborn. Quitting smoking significantly reduces the health risks caused by exposure to tobacco smoke. 

So, the correct answer is 'Death'.

Emphysema is a condition resulting from

biology respiratory system of human diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. cigarette smoking

  2. liquor consumption

  3. drug addiction

  4. reduced oxygen carrying capacity of blood.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Emphysema is a respiratory disorder which occurs due to the inflation or abnormal distension of the bronchioles or alveolar sacs resulting in the loss of their elasticity. Cigarette smoking and chronic bronchitis are the causes of this disease.

What part of hemoglobin is affected in sickle cell anaemia?

biology keeping diseases away diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. $\alpha$-polypeptide chains

  2. $\beta$-polypeptide chains

  3. Both $\alpha$- and $\beta$- polypeptide chains

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hemoglobin has four chains: two alpha chains and two beta chains with heme and iron part along with oxygen. There are some hydrophobic substances (water-hating) present on the surface of proteins. These hydrophobic residues forms cluster and pocket-like structure on the surface of beta chains. These pockets are responsible for diseases like sickle cell anemia also in the beta chain the position of glutamic acid at sixth place in the chain is replaced by valine leading to the shape of red blood cells to be sickle-like due to loss of oxygen.

So, the correct option is 'Beta-polypeptide chains'.

Incidence of Emphysema - a respiratory disorder is high in cigarette smokers. In such cases

biology respiratory system of human diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

  1. the bronchioles are found damaged

  2. the alveolar walls are found damaged

  3. the plasma membrane Is found damaged

  4. the respiratory muscles are found damaged.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Emphysema is. a condition of short breath due to breakdown of alveolar wall and'reduction of respiratory area due to smoking.

Seepage of rainwater through the soil is a method of 

management of water uses and limitations of dams air, water and soil management of natural resources biology

  1. Soil conservation

  2. Water harvesting

  3. Soil erosion

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: B