Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Which of the following microorganisms converts milk into curd ?

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Yeast

  2. Aspergillus

  3. Penicillium

  4. Bacteria

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lactobacillus converts milk into curd. It acts on the lactose of the milk and turns it into lactic acid. The increased acidity leads to the coagulation of casein protein of the milk and turns it into curd.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics is not correct?
(i) Antibiotics are the attenuated microorganisms which in small concentration can kill or retard the growth of other harmful microorganisms.
(ii) Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming (1928) while working on bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.
(iii) The full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey.
(iv) Fleming, Chain and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945. 

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. (i) only

  2. (iii) only

  3. (ii) and (iv)

  4. (i), (iii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

Column I Column II
A. Aspergillus niger (i) Ethanol
B. Clostridium butylicum (ii) Statins
C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (iii) Citric acid
D. Trichoderma polysporum (iv) Butyric acid
E. Monascus purpureus (v) Cyclosporin
biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. A - (iv), B - (v), C - (ii), D - (i), E - (iii)

  2. A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (v), E - (ii)

  3. A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (v), D - (i), E - (ii)

  4. A - (ii), B - (iii), C - (iv), D - (v), E - (i)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
 Column I  Column II
 Aspergillus niger  Citric acid (commonly used as vinegar)
 Clostridium butylicum  Butyric acid
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae  Ethanol (commercial production of ethanol)
 Trichoderma polysporum  Cyclosporin (Immuno-suppressive agent in organ transplant patients)
 Monascus purpureus  statin (blood cholesterol lowering agent)

Benzo-diazepene is an?

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Anti depressant

  2. Anti psychotic

  3. Anti anxiety drug

  4. Sedative

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following is the microbe used in manufacturing vinegar?

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Streptococcus thermophilus

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  3. Acetobacter

  4. Aspergillus oryzae

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The bacteria Acetobacter aceti is involved in the conversion of ethanol formed during fermentation into vinegar. This can happen when Acetobacter bacteria acts on alcoholic beverages such as wine and, therefore, vinegar may also be an undesirable product formed during alcoholic beverage production. 

Rishikesh is famous for the production of _______________.

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Heavy electricals

  3. Fertilizers

  4. Transistorized radios

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Answer is option A i.e. "Antibiotics"
Rishikesh is famous for the production of Antibiotics. IDPL (Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) is situated in Rishikesh which mainly manufactures various types of antibiotics. The Rishikesh plant was commissioned in 1967 and has a largest antibiotics fermentation facility

First antibiotic discovered was ____________.

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Penicillin

  2. Ampicillin

  3. Celin

  4. Erythrocin

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The first antibiotic discovered was penicillin. It was discovered in 1828 by Alexander Fleming when he noticed the growth of mold-fungus in the culture of Staphylococcus and there were no bacteria in the region where the fungus was growing. It was because the fungus was secreting the anti-biotic that had killed the bacterial cells in the culture. The fungus was recognized as Penicillium.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Penicillin'.

Terramycin is obtained from

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Streptomyces venezuelae

  2. Streptomyces aureofaciens

  3. Streptomyces rimosus

  4. Streptomyces griseus

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Terramycin is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces rimosus, a species of actinomycete isolated from a soil sample. It is amphoteric and forms a hydrochloride and a sodium salt. Terramycin had a low degree of toxicity in animals and that the crystalline hydrochloride salt possessed a wide range of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms
So, the correct answer is 'Streptomyces rimosus'

Waksman got Nobel Prize for his discovery of

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Penicillin

  2. Neomycin

  3. Chloromycetin

  4. Streptomycin

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Correct Option: D

High concentration of greenhouse gases has resulted in maximum rise of atmospheric temperature in 

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Tropic region

  2. Middle latitude

  3. Polar region

  4. Temperate region

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Increases in the level of greenhouse gases has led to considerable heating of earth leading to global warming. During the past century, the temperature of earth has increased by $ 0.6  $, most of it during the last three decades. Rise in temperature is slight in tropics, moderate in middle latitudes and maximum in polar regions. It will led to melting of polar ice caps as well as of other places like the Himalayan snow caps.
So, the correct answer is 'Polar region'.