Tag: microbes and diseases

Tuberculosis (TB) is an acute or chronic infection caused by the tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Viral fever is an acute viral infection. The most common viral fever is the seasonal flu. The virus is spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The common cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract which primarily affects the nose. It usually resolves in seven to ten days, with some symptoms lasting up to three weeks. Examples of chronic illnesses are cancer, AIDS, kidney disease and diabetes.

Goiter is the condition caused by the deficiency of thyroid hormone. The thyroid gland (a gland in the neck that produces hormones) needs iodine that helps to manufacture thyroid hormones (chemicals released into the bloodstream that controls the body's growth and metabolism). If our body doesn't receive enough iodine, our thyroid gland becomes underactive and increases in size called as goiter.

Parkinson is a disease which can stay for a lifetime. Hence, it is a chronic disease. Therefore, (b) is the correct answer.

Public health programs are important in educating the public and promoting healthy lifestyles and awareness about chronic diseases like cancer diabetes. Therefore, (c) is the correct answer.

Ailments which can last for a long time, as much as a lifetime are called as chronic diseases. These are mainly caused due to severe metabolic disorder. The term chronic is usually applied when the course of the disease lasts for more than three months. chronic diseases constitute a major cause of mortality, chronic non-communicable conditions to be by far the leading cause of mortality in the world.

Ailments which can last for a long time, as much as a lifetime are called as chronic diseases. These are mainly caused due to severe metabolic disorder.

Infectious diseases are disorders caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Therefore, (c) is the correct answer.

Common cold persist for a very short duration. Hence, it is an acute disease. Other mentioned diseases Diabetes Cancer and Alzheimers persists for a very long duration. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.

A particular concern is the rising rates of overweight and obesity. Obesity itself is a medical condition and not a disease, but it constitutes a major risk factor for developing chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, stroke etc. Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.

Sometimes, NCDs result in rapid deaths as seen in certain diseases such as heart diseases, stroke, cancers etc. NCDs are distinguished only by their non-infectious cause, and not necessarily by their duration. Therefore, (c) is the correct answer.