Tag: eudicots family - fabaceae, sativum and solanaceae

Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as pea, bean or legume family and are a large and economically important family of flowering plants. It includes trees, shrubs and perennial or annual herbaceous plants which can be easily recognised by a fruit (legume). The ovary is most typically develops into legume. A legume is a simple, dry fruit that usually dehisces on two sides. Legume is commonly known as a pod.

Peanut or groundnut, taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seed and oil present in the seed. It is widely grown in tropics and subtropics, is important to both small and large commercial producers. It is classified both as a grain legume and as an oil crop. Peanut oil is used in cooking. So, the correct answer is 'Arachis hypogaea'.

Root nodules are present on the roots of plants (primarily Fabaceae) which is associated with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen limiting conditions, capable plants form a symbiotic relationship with a host-specific strain of bacteria known as rhizobia. Nodulated roots are characteristic of Fabaceae. The Fabaceae include legume crops such as peas and beans.

Marginal placentation is a feature of the family Leguminosae or Fabaceae. The flowers show monocarpellary apocarpous gynoecium with the placenta being developed on the ridge along the ventral suture and the ovules are borne on this ridge. This type of placentation is called marginal placentation.

A swollen leaf base is called as Pulvinus. This type of leaves are seen in legume plants. The swelling results due to change in the turgor pressure. Night closure movement of legume leaves shows this pulvinar movement. The pulvinus protects the young axillary bud.

Abrus precatorius, commonly known as jequirity bean, rosary pea, crab eye seed is a herbaceous flowering plant belonging to Fabaceae. It is a slender perennial climber with long, pinnate leafleted leaves that twines around trees, shrubs and hedges. The seeds of Abrus precatorius are much valued in native jewellery for their bright colouration and are very consistent in weight. Formerly, these seeds were used to weigh gold. So, the correct answer is 'Abrus precatorius'.

• Butea monosperma, commonly known as flame of the forest and bastard teek is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine and dye.

• Xylia xylocarpa is a perennial tree belonging to family Fabaceae. It produces timber, medicine and the seeds are edible.

• So, the correct answer is 'Butea monosperma and Xylia xylocarpa'.

Cajanus cajan, commonly known as pigeon pea is a perennial legume belonging to family Fabaceae. It is most commonly used as food and consumed on a large scale mainly in South Asia and is a major source of protein for the population of the Indian subcontinent.

The Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as pea, bean or legume family are a large and economically important family of flowering plants. It includes trees, shrubs, perennial or annual herbaceous plants which can be easily recognised by fruits (legume). It includes a variety of pulses such as chickpea, garden pea and important agricultural and food plants such as soya bean, beans, alfalfa, peanut etc.

Compositae which is also known as Asteraceae is a large, widespread and economically important family of flowering plants. This family is known as Compositae because many species have composite flowers in the form of flower heads. It provides products such as cooking oils, lettuce, sunflower seeds, herbal tea etc.