Tag: introduction to solids

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Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Which of the following statement is not correct about molecular crystals?

  1. They are generally soft and easily compressible.

  2. They are good conductors of electricity as the electrons are delocalised in the bonds.

  3. They have low melting and boiling points.

  4. They consist of polar or non-polar molecules.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In molecular crystals, atoms are bounded by weak van der Walls forces. They have no free electrons in them. So, they are electrical insulators.

Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Examples of few solids are given below. Find out the example which is not correctly matched.

  1. Ionic solids - $NaCl$, $ZnS$
  2. Covalent solids - $H _2,I _2$
  3. Molecular solids - $H _2O _{(s)}$
  4. Metallic solids - $Cu$, $Sn$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In ${ H } _{ 2 }\quad and\quad { I } _{ 2 }$, molecules are attracted by weak van der Waals attractions. So, they are molecular solids. 

Hence, option B is not a correct match.  

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Which of the solids show the following properties?
(i) Electrical conductivity 
(ii) Malleability
(iii) Ductility
(iv) Fairly high melting point

  1. Ionic solids

  2. Covalent solids

  3. Metallic solids

  4. Molecular solids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the given options, both ionic and metallic solids are electrical conductors and have high melting point. But only metallic solids are malleable and ductile. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Ionic solids conduct electricity in molten state but not in solid state because:

  1. in molten state free ions are loosely bound which are not free to move in the solid state

  2. in solid state ionic solids are hard, brittle and become soft in molten state

  3. all solids conduct electricity in molten state

  4. in solid state ions are converted to atoms which are insulators.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In solid state, atoms in ionic solids are bonded by strong ionic bonds. They are able to move freely. So, they do not conduct electricity in solid state. While in molten form, the ions and electrons are free to move. So, they conduct electricity in molten state.

So, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Which of the following forms a molecular solid when solidified?

  1. Calcium fluoride

  2. Silicon dioxide

  3. Carbon dioxide

  4. Sodium chloride
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the given options, Calcium Fluoride and Sodium Chloride are the ionic crystals due to presence of ionic bond in them.

Silicon dioxide is network solid due to strong intermolecular covalent bond.
In carbon dioxide, the molecules are bonded by weak van der Walls force. Hence, they are molecular solids.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Solid $X$ is a very hard solid which is electrical insulator in solid as well as in molten state and has extremely high melting point. What type of solid is it?

  1. Ionic solid

  2. Covalent solid

  3. Metallic solid

  4. Molecular solid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Covalent solids have high melting point due to their interconnected covalent bonds. Since there are no free electrons present in covalent solids, so they do not conduct electricity in solid state as well as molten state. Some of the examples are Diamond and Quartz.

So, correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Graphite cannot be classified as:

  1. conducting solid

  2. network solid

  3. covalent solid

  4. ionic solid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Since graphite is an allotrope of carbon hence, each atom is linked to each other through a covalent bond. Therefore, graphite is a covalent solid. 


Hence, it cannot be classified as an ionic bond.

Hence, the correct answer is option $\text{D}$.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Which of the following is not the characteristic of ionic solids?

  1. Very low value of electrical conductivity in the molten state

  2. Brittle nature

  3. Very strong forces of interactions

  4. Anisotropic nature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In molten state, the ionic solids have free ions in them. Ions help in the conduction of electricity. Due to these free ions the electrical conductivity of ionic compounds in molten state is very high. 

So, option A is not correct regarding the characteristics of ionic compounds.
So, option A is correct answer.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Which of the following is network solid?

  1. $SO _{2(solid)}$
  2. $I _2$

  3. Diamond
  4. $H _2O _{(ice)}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A network solid or covalent network solid is a chemical compound (or element) in which the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network extending throughout the material. In a network solid there are no individual molecules, and the entire crystal or amorphous solid may be considered a macromolecule.

In diamond, the carbon atoms are held together by strong covalent bonds. It is a giant molecule. Thus, it is a network solid.
So, option $C$ is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Which of the following is not true about the ionic solids?

  1. Bigger ions form the close packed structure.

  2. Smaller ions occupy either the tetrahedral or the octahedral voids depending upon their size.

  3. Occupation of all the voids is not necessary.

  4. The fraction of octahedral or tetrahedral voids occupied depends upon the radii of the ions occupying the voids.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In ionic solids anions (which are normally longer in size than cations forms closed pack array. 

The cation occupies one of the two types of holes remaining between the anions (either tetrahedral void or octahedral void). 
Depending on the relative sizes of cations and anions, the voids are filled. Occupation of voids depends on the stoichiometry of the compounds. It is not necessary that all voids get filled.