Tag: role of organic manures in soil management

Questions Related to role of organic manures in soil management

Fertilizers should be applied carefully in terms of .......... , for their complete utilisation.

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. Proper dose

  2. Time

  3. Observing pre- and post-application precautions 

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Fertilisers, chemically synthesized substances which are rich in plant nutrients such as NPK. They are artificially made but have a rapid response. Overuse of fertilisers can cause negative effects like loose soil fertility, bioaccumulation etc. Fertilizers should be applied carefully in terms of proper dose, time, and observing pre and post-application precautions for their complete utilisation.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Why is organic manure considered better than fertilizers?

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. It cannot be prepared in fields

  2. It is less rich in plant nutrients

  3. It improves the fertility and texture of the soil

  4. It decreases the water holding capacity of the soil

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Organic manure or organic fertilizer is made up of organic biodegradable waste like animal excreta and agriculture wastes. As it biodegradable it cannot harm the environment and increase the soil fertility it is better than chemical fertilizer. But chemical fertilizers are nutrient specific and prepared in chemical factories. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following materials of biological origin are commonly used to maintain and improve soil fertility?

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. Green manure

  2. Biofertilizers

  3. Bioinsecticides

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Green manure and biofertilizers maintain and improve soil fertility. Green manure is prepared by the waste leaf from the plants. The waste leaf of the plant is mainly dumped in the soil which is further decomposed by bacteria of the soil.

Biofertilizers are prepared by the strains of microorganism which fix the essential nutrients for the soil.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Chemical derived from urea-melonic acid and used in inducing sleep is

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. Diazepam

  2. Benzodiazepine

  3. Barbiturate

  4. Amphetamine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Diazepam is sold under the trade number of Valium. It belongs to family of benzodiazepines which are a type of tranquilizers. It is derived from urea and melonic acid. It is taken by mouth or injected intravenously. It produces a calming effect and used to treat anxiety, seizures and muscular spasms. It has sedative effects and thus, used before medical procedures. It is also used to treat insomnia i.e. lack of sleep because it induces sleep. 
So, the correct answer is 'Diazepam'.

Among the given options, which one is not correct for the use of large amount of fertilisers and pesticides?

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. Fertilisers are eco-friendly.

  2. Fertilisers turn the fields barren after some time.

  3. Fertilisers remove the useful component from the soil.

  4. Fertilisers destroy the soil fertility.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pesticides and fertilizers are the chemically synthesized compound used for agriculture purpose. The use of pesticides and fertilizers over a long period of time can destroy soil fertility or soil structure by killing the soil microorganism that recycles nutrients in the soil as they are artificial chemical compounds. It also kills earthworms which are instrumental in making rich humus.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Among the given options, which one is not correct for the use of a large amount of fertilizers and pesticides?

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. Fertilizers are eco-friendly.

  2. Fertilizers turn the fields barren after some time.

  3. Fertilizers adversly affect the useful component from the soil.

  4. Fertilizers destroy the soil fertility.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fertilizers and pesticides are composed of chemical components. These chemicals are harmful to the soil and the environment. These fertilizers and pesticides if put in excess degrades the soil fertility and quality by destroying its natural properties. The chemicals from the fertilizers and insecticides make the soil acidic in nature which leads the soil to lose its fertility to become dry and barren. These chemicals also harm the natural soil tillers, decomposers and the organisms that naturally enhance the soil quality and fertility. Therefore adversely affecting the useful components of soil by depleting the natural nutrient of the soil like nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous, etc. Fertilizers cannot be eco-friendly as it harms the soil, water, and environment, unlike biofertilizers which are organic in nature and are eco-friendly too.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Which of the following is not true for fertilisers?

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. They increase the yield.

  2. Their excessive use disturbs the balance of nutrients in soil.

  3. They are generally used in small quantity.

  4. They are environment friendly.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
The by-products of fertilizer industries are pesticides and some chemical fertilizers. They are non-biodegradable, so they get accumulated at each trophic level. These mix up with soil and water. From there, these pesticides are absorbed by the growing plants along with water and minerals.
When herbivores eat these, these poisonous chemicals pass into their bodies through the food chain. When carnivores eat herbivores, these pesticides transfer to their bodies. Man being omnivore, eats both plants and herbivores and these gets accumulators into their body.
Thus, pesticides enter the food chain at the producer level and in the process of transfer of food through food chains, these harmful chemicals get concentrated at each trophic level. This is called bio magnification.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following statement is not true for organic manure?

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. It enhances water holding capacity of soil

  2. It has a balance of all plant nutrients

  3. It provides humus to soil

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Manure is an organic substance produced by the decomposition of plant and animal wastes in the presence of the microorganism. 
  • Organic manure contains a few nutrients. It enhances the water holding capacity of soil. 
  • This makes more water available to plants. It has a balance of all plant nutrients. It provides humus (organic matter ) to soil. 

Therefore, option D is correct.  

In compositing, solid waste is converted into;

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. Ashes

  2. Manure

  3. Clinkers

  4. Fumes

Show answer
Correct Option: B

A few gram seeds were placed in each of the three pots A, B and C containing soil. The soil in Pot A is mixed some green twigs and leaves. The soil in pot B is mixed with old cow dung while soil of pot C is mixed with urea. Pots are watered regularly. Which of the following will be observed after 10 days?

biology improvement in food resources manure manures and fertilisers role of organic manures in soil management

  1. Lot of growth in A

  2. Not much growth in B

  3. Lot of growth in B but very little growth in C

  4. Very little growth in A but lot of growth in B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Manure is an organic substance produced by the decomposition of plant and animal wastes in the presence of microorganism and used as fertilizers. Thus, the fresh manure contains decomposing bacteria along with active digestive enzymes. These enzymes contribute to the faster heating of the manure which accelerates the decomposition of organic materials by the soil microorganisms. The end result of better decomposition of organic material is faster nutrient release to the plant. When urea is placed on the surface of the soil, a chemical reaction takes place that changes the urea to ammonium bicarbonate. Urea should be mixed in with the soil for maximum effectiveness. For plants that love acidic soils, urea is one of the top fertilizers for acidifying soils. Hence, seeds will grow most in pots B and C.