Tag: pollution and its effects

Questions Related to pollution and its effects

The term greenhouse effect was given by

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Fourier

  2. Tyndall

  3. Arrhenius

  4. Linnaeus

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Svante Arrhenius, a Swedish scientist, in 1896 gave the theory related to the effects of the combustion-released carbon dioxide. He depicted the relation between the concentration of the carbon dioxide and the increase in temperature due to it. The greenhouse effect refers to the trapping of the infra-red rays reflected by the earth’s surface by the gases present in the troposphere. It is a natural process and is responsible for maintaining the survivable temperature in earth. However, anthropogenic release of the greenhouse gases has caused the events of global warming. Hence, the correct answer is 'Svante Arrhenius'.

Increase in atmospheric temperature due to $CO _2$ is

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Pasteur effect

  2. Blackman effect

  3. Emerson effect

  4. Green-house effect

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Pasteur effect is the inhibition of fermentation or oxidation of glucose when the concentration of oxygen is increased.
B. Blackman effect describes the law of limiting factors according to which if a process is dependent on a number of factors then its rate is limited by the slowest factor.
C. Emerson effect is the increase in rate of photosynthesis when the light intensity is increased beyond 680 nm.
D. Green house effect is the increase in atmospheric temperature due to warming of earth's surface when the sun radiations are trapped in the earth. The radiations are trapped in earth because of green house gases like carbon dioxide.
So, the correct answer is 'Green-house effect'.

Green house effect is increase in temperature of earth due to

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. High concentration of $NO _2$

  2. High concentration of $SO _2$

  3. High concentration of $CO _2$

  4. High concentration of CO

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The warming of earth's surface when sun radiations are absorbed and trapped in earth's atmosphere, is called greenhouse effect. The gases responsible for green house effect are called green house gases which trap the radiations and don't let them reflect back from the earth's surface. The green house gases are Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O). 
The approximate percentage of different greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is:
CFCs - 14%
CO2 - 60%
‎CH4 - 20%
N2O - 6%
Among all these gases, concentration of CO2 is highest. It is the main greenhouse gas.
So, the correct answer is 'High concentration of CO2'.

Why do scientists think that human-induced global warming will be more harmful to plants and animals than were past, natural climate fluctuations?

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. because temperature will change faster

  2. because the temperature changes will be larger

  3. because species now are less adaptable than species in the past

  4. because ecosystems are now more complicated than they used to be

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Global warming is the increase in temperature of earth due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Temperature change due to global warming is faster than the temperature change due to natural climate fluctuations. This has resulted in melting of ice glaciers which will lead to rising in sea level and also the amount of freshwater will decline. Abnormal increase in temperature due to global warming has resulted in the extinction of many plant and animal species because of habitat loss and extreme climatic conditions.

So, the correct answer is 'because the temperature will change faster'.

Of the gases listed below, which is NOT believed to be responsible for enhancing the earth's greenhouse effect?

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Chlorofluorocarbons $(CFC _{s})$

  2. Molecular oxygen $(O _{2})$

  3. Nitrous oxide $(N _{2}O)$

  4. Carbon dioxide $(CO _{2})$

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Correct Option: B

Without the atmospheric greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature would be:

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Higher than at present

  2. Lower than at present

  3. The same as it is now

  4. Much more variable than it is now

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Correct Option: B

The atmospheric greenhouse effect is produced mainly by the:

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Absorption and re-emission of visible light by the atmosphere

  2. Absorption and re-emission of ultraviolet radiation by the atmosphere

  3. Absorption and re-emission of infrared radiation by the atmosphere

  4. Absorption and re-emission of visible light by clouds

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Correct Option: C

Which among the following planet / body shows anti-green house effect?

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Mars

  2. Venus

  3. Jupiter

  4. Titan

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Correct Option: D

Checking re-radiation of heat reflected by earth by CH$ _4$, CO$ _2$, O$ _3$ and chlorofluorocarbons is called as

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. Green house effect

  2. Bohr's effect

  3. Pasteur's effect

  4. Cosmozoic effect

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The burning of fuels in the atmosphere leads to the formation of poisonous oxides and dioxides which push up the temperature of the earth and contributes to global warming. Clouds and gases reflect about one-fourth of the incoming solar radiation, and absorb some of it but almost half of incoming solar radiation falls on earth's surface heating it, while a small proportion is reflected back. Earth's surface re-emits heat in the form of infrared radiation but part of this does not escape into space as atmospheric gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane, etc.) absorb a major fraction of it. The molecules of these gases radiate heat energy, and a major part of which again comes to earth's surface, thus heating it up once again.The above-mentioned gases (carbon dioxide and methane) are commonly known as greenhouse gases because they are responsible for the greenhouse effect. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Which one of the following is the correct percentage of the two (out of the total of 4) green house gases that contribute to the total global warming?

biology global environmental change causes of greenhouse effect greenhouse effect pollution and its effects

  1. CFCs 14%, Methane 20%

  2. CFCs 20%, Methane 14%

  3. N$ _2$O 6%, CO$ _2$ 86%

  4. Methane 20%, N$ _2$O 18%

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Greenhouse effect increases the temperature of the earth.The gases responsible for greenhouse traps the infrared radiations which lead to heating of the earth's surface. The primary greenhouse gases in earth's atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. The 

Composition of greenhouse gases are 
CO$ _2$- 56% 
CFCs -14%, 
Methane - 20% 
Nitrous Oxides - 8%, 
Water Vapours - 2%. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.