Tag: diffusion in different states of matter

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Multiple choice chemistry matter in our surroundings diffusion in different states of matter properties of solids, liquid, and gas particle theory of matter

Which of the following statements is false for inter-conversion of matter based on kinetic theory of gases, when a gas/liquid is cooled?

  1. the temperature falls

  2. particles gain energy

  3. inter-molecular attraction increases

  4. inter-molecular space between the particles/molecules of gases decreases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

On cooling gases/liquid, the temperature falls. Particles gain energy. Intermolecular attraction increases. Intermolecular space between the particles/molecules of gases decreases.

Multiple choice chemistry matter in our surroundings diffusion in different states of matter properties of solids, liquid, and gas particle theory of matter

 At the melting point, the solid and liquid phase exist in:

  1. equilibrium

  2. no equilibrium

  3. same kinetic energy

  4. none of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point of a substance depends on pressure and is usually specified at standard pressure. When considered as the temperature of the reverse change from liquid to solid, it is referred to as the freezing point or crystallization point. 

Multiple choice chemistry matter in our surroundings diffusion in different states of matter properties of solids, liquid, and gas particle theory of matter

Evaporation occurs .................... the boiling point.

  1. below

  2. above

  3. equal

  4. both b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Evaporation occurs below the boiling point of the liquid. The particles escape from the surface of the liquid to form gas. Evaporation differs from boiling in that it only takes place at the surface of the liquid and it is very slow. On the other hand, boiling takes place throughout the liquid and is very fast.

Multiple choice chemistry matter in our surroundings diffusion in different states of matter properties of solids, liquid, and gas particle theory of matter

During melting, the temperature:

  1. increases

  2. falls

  3. constant

  4. increases and then decreases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

During melting, the temperature remains constant. This is because the heat energy is taken in by the particles to overcome forces between them instead of being used to raise the temperature.

Multiple choice chemistry matter in our surroundings diffusion in different states of matter properties of solids, liquid, and gas particle theory of matter

Matter undergoes a change. The changes are of two types : Physical and chemical change. A physical change is a change that involves only a change in the physical state of matter.
Its chemical properties remain the same. Usually increasing the temperature of applying pressure or both brings about a physical change. On reversing the condition, i.e., reducing the temperature or reducing the pressure or both, the original state of matter is restored. In other words, physical changes are reversible. A chemical change is a change that involves a change in the chemical composition of matter. A new substance is formed. In a chemical change, the chemical and physical properties of the substance is formed. In a chemical change, the chemical and physical properties of the substance formed will be different from the original substance. When zinc carbonate is heated and cooled, the change(s) that are observed are :

  1. Physical

  2. Nuclear changes

  3. First chemical and then physical

  4. First physical and then chemical
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

First zinc carbonate decomposes to give zinc oxide and $CO _2$ and zinc oxide appears yellow when hot and white when cold. Initially, zinc carbonate under goes chemical change. Cooling of zinc oxide a goes physical change, to change its colour from yellow to white.

Multiple choice chemistry matter in our surroundings diffusion in different states of matter properties of solids, liquid, and gas particle theory of matter

The translational kinetic energy of $10^{20}$ molecules of nitrogen at a certain temperature is $0.63$ J. The temperature is:

  1. $23^o$ C
  2. $31.3^o$ C
  3. $30.1^o$ C
  4. $43.3^o$ C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$K.E=\dfrac{3}{2}N K _BT$


$N=10^{20}, K _B=1.38\times 10^{-23}$ Joule/, KE$=0.63$ J

$0.63=\dfrac{3}{2}\times 10\times 1.38\times 10^{-23}\times T$

$\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{0.63\times 2}{1.383}\times 10^3$

     $T=304.3$K

     $T=31.3^o$ C.

Hence, option $B$ is correct.