Tag: cell: size and differentiation

Quizzes (0) Questions (111)

Questions Related to cell: size and differentiation

Multiple choice botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Which chromosome may lost during cell division?

  1. Giant chromosome

  2. Acentric chromosome

  3. Polycentric chromosome

  4. Telocentric chromosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Acentric chromosomes may be lost during cell division. An acentric fragment is a segment of a chromosome that lacks a centromere. Because the centromere is the point of attachment for the mitotic apparatus, acentric fragments are not evenly distributed to the daughter cells in cell division. As a result, one of the daughters will lack the acentric fragment. Lack of the acentric fragment in one of the daughter cells may have deleterious consequences, depending on the function of the DNA in this region of the chromosome

Multiple choice botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

If the centromere is sub-median and the two arms are unequal then the chromosome is called as

  1. Metacentric

  2. Submetacentric

  3. Acrocentric

  4. Telocentric
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The centromere is the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore. 
Having the centromere near the center but not in the middle, so that one arm is shorter than the other is the property of a submetacentric chromosome.
Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Tonoplast, the membrane of vacuole is a

  1. Living membrane

  2. Non-living membrane

  3. Impermeable

  4. Permeable and rigid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tonoplast or vacuolar membrane is the living membrane of the vacuole. It separates the vacuolar contents from the cell's cytoplasm. It helps the vacuole in maintaining the osmoregularity inside the cell.

Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

The vacuoles of plant cells

  1. Are filled with concentrated sugar and salt solution

  2. Are filled with dilute sugar and salt solution

  3. Are filled with cell sap

  4. Contain DNA, RNA and ribosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vacuoles are the membrane-bound organelle mostly found in the plant cell. It is the centrally located large storage bubble in the plant cells and filled with cell sap. They provide osmotic pressure and turgidity to the plant cell. 

Multiple choice botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Which type of chromosome will appear 'L' -shaped during anaphase?

  1. Telocentric

  2. Acrocentric

  3. Metacentric

  4. Submetacentric
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

'L' shaped chromosomes that appear during anaphase are sub-metacentric. According to the position of the centromere, the metacentric chromosomes are X shaped and due to the unequal length of the arms of the chromosomes, they become L shaped and are called sub-metacentric.

Multiple choice botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Arm ratio in metacentric condition is

  1. 1:1

  2. 1:2

  3. 1:3

  4. 2:3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The arm ratio in metacentric condition is 1:1. These are X-shaped chromosomes, with the centromere in the middle, so that, the two arms of the chromosomes are almost equal. A chromosome is metacentric, if its two arms are roughly equal in length. In a normal human karyotype, two chromosomes are considered metacentric: chromosomes 1 and 3. In some cases, a metacentric chromosome is formed by balanced translocation: the fusion of two acrocentric chromosomes to form one metacentric chromosome.

Multiple choice botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Chromosome with centromere at one end is

  1. Metacentric

  2. Submetacentric

  3. Telocentric

  4. Acrocentric
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Chromosome with centromere at one end is telocentric. A telocentric chromosome's centromere is located at the terminal end of the chromosome. Telomeres may extend from both ends of the chromosome. Humans do not possess telocentric chromosomes.

Multiple choice botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Small chromosomes which do not produce any detectable phenotypic expression are termed as

  1. Heterochromatic chromosomes

  2. Supernumerary chromosomes

  3. Nonsense chromosomes

  4. Nucleoids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A chromosome present in addition to the normal chromosome complement is called as a supernumerary chromosome, also known as accessory chromosome. These chromosome does not produce any detectable phenotypic expression in an organism. These chromosomes are not essential for the life of a species, and are lacking in some (usually most) of the individuals. Thus a population would consist of individuals with 0, 1, 2, 3 (etc.) supernumeraries.

Multiple choice botany nucleus and chromosome membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

A chromosome with centromere at one end is called as

  1. Telocentric

  2. Metacentric

  3. Apocentric

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The rod-like chromosomes which have the centromere on the proximal end are known as the telocentric chromosomes. Humans do not possess telocentric chromosomes but they are found in other species such as mice. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany cell structure and organization membrane bound organelles cell: size and differentiation microscopy

Which of the following is not a function of vacuole?

  1. Storage

  2. Providing turgidity and rigidity to the cell

  3. Waste excretion

  4. Locomotion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vacuoles are storage bubbles found mostly in plant cells. These are used for storage of food or water. The vacuolar membrane is a single layered and is called as tonoplast. Osmotic pressure and turgidity is maintained by vacuoles. They store toxic metabolic by-products or end products of plant cells. Such vacuoles are thrown out of the cell by exocytosis. Thus, the correct answer is option D.