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Multiple choice chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

In a nuclear reactor, nuclear energy is obtained by breaking the nucleus of uranium by :

  1. fast moving neutrons

  2. fast moving electrons

  3. slow moving electrons

  4. slow moving neutrons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

D

In fission each nucleus of uranium -235 emits on an average more than two neutrons. If one of these two neutrons is absorbed by another uranium -235 nucleus, causing it to fission, thus we can have a sustainable chain reaction. However, only a slow neutron, rather than a fast neutron has a high cross section( chance) of absorption. That is why slow moving neutrons are used. 

Multiple choice chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

The sources of energy obtained in a nuclear reaction are :

  1. Mass defect

  2. Binding energy

  3. Fission

  4. Fusion

  5. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

In fusion a heavy nucleus is splitted into two nuclei of comparable masses. The mass of parent nucleus is greater than the total mass of daughter nuclei, some mass is disappeared, this is mass defect and this mass appeared as the binding energy.

In fusion two or more than two light nuclei fuse together to form a heavy nucleus. The sum of masses of light nuclei is greater than the total mass of heavy nucleus, some mass is disappeared, this is mass defect and this mass appeared as the binding energy.

Multiple choice chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

Heavy water is:

  1. compound of deutrium and oxygen
  2. water at $4 ^\circ C$

  3. water, in which soap does not lather

  4. compound of heavy oxygen and heavy hydrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Heavy water is water that contains heavy hydrogen or deuterium. Deuterium differs from the hydrogen usually found in water, protium, in that each atom of deuterium contains a proton and a neutron. Heavy water may be deuterium oxide,$D _2O$ or it may be deuterium protium oxide, $DHO$. Heavy water occurs naturally, although it is much less common than regular water. 

Multiple choice chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

Nuclear power stations are usually located near source of water because.

  1. Fuel could be transported to the station by ships

  2. Chemical wastes are discharged into the river

  3. Water is used as coolant and moderator

  4. Water is used to rotate the turbines of the generator
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Water can be used as coolant and moderator

Nuclear power stations are usually located near water source because water is used as coolant and moderator. 

Multiple choice chemistry nuclear physics nuclear reactor the nuclear power station isotopes and nuclear chemistry

The control rod in a nuclear reactor is made of.

  1. Cadmium

  2. Uranium

  3. Graphite

  4. Plutonium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fision rate of uranium and plutonium. They are composed of chemical elements such as boron, silver, indium and cadmium that are capable of absorbing many neutrons without themselves fissioning.