Tag: darwin's theory of evolution

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Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

When an organ is used, it will develop and if it is not used, it weakens to become vestigial. Who said this?

  1. Darwin

  2. Hugo de Vries

  3. Lamarck

  4. Mendel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Lamarck is best known for his 'Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics', first presented in 1801.
If an organism changes during life in order to adapt to its environment, those changes are passed on to its offspring.
The classic example used to explain the concept of use and disuse is the elongated neck of the giraffe. According to Lamarck's theory, a given giraffe could, over a lifetime of straining to reach high branches, develop an elongated neck. A major downfall of his theory was that he could not explain how this might happen, though he discussed a "natural tendency toward perfection." Another example Lamarck used was the toes of water birds. He proposed that from years of straining their toes to swim through water, these birds gained elongated, webbed toes to better their swimming.
Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Inheritance of acquired characters was proposed by

  1. Darwin

  2. Lamarck

  3. Wallace

  4. Oparin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The inheritance of acquired characteristics is a hypothesis that physiological changes acquired over the life of an organism may be transmitted to offspring. It is also commonly referred to as the theory of adaptation equated with the evolutionary theory of French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck known as Lamarckism.
Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The theory of inheritance of acquired characters was proposed by

  1. Darwin

  2. Lamarck

  3. Weismann

  4. De Vries
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Theory of Inheritance of acquired characteristics was proposed by Lamarck in the year 1801. The inheritance of acquired characteristics states that modification acquired by the organism during the course of evolution is transferred from one generation to the other.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Lamarck belongs to

  1. England

  2. France

  3. Sweden

  4. Austria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck was French naturalist who proposed the theory of individual acquire characters to explain the process of natural selection. According to the inheritance of acquired characters, individual acquire characters under influence of needs as posed as changing environmental conditions; these characters are inherited. He explained evolution the long-necked giraffes from short-necked giraffes on the basis of his theory. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Theory of inheritance of acquired characters was put forth by

  1. De Vries

  2. Lamarck

  3. Weismann

  4. Galton
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck is best known for his, 'Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics', first presented in 1801 (Darwin's first book dealing with natural selection was published in 1859): If an organism changes during life in order to adapt to its environment, those changes are passed on to its offspring. He said that change is made by what the organisms want or need. For example- Lamarck believed that elephants all used to have short trunks. When there was no food or water that they could reach with their short trunks, they stretched their trunks to reach the water and branches, and their offspring inherited long trunks. Lamarck also said that body parts that are not being used, such as the human appendix and little toes are gradually disappearing. Eventually, people will be born without these parts. Lamarck also believed that evolution happens according to a predetermined plan and that the results have already been decided.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The book named "Philosophic Zoologique" was published in 1809 and was written by

  1. Mendel

  2. Darwin

  3. DeVries

  4. Lamarck
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Philosophie zoologique is an 1809 book by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in which he outlines his theory of evolution now known as Lamarckism. In the book, Lamarck named two supposed laws that would enable animal species to acquire characteristics under the influence of their environment. The two laws are as followed :

a) Law of use and disuse theory that defines the change in the body structure over the course of evolution.
b) The second law states that the change in the body structure must be inherited.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Penguin is a bird that lost the use of its wings by not flying. Such a statement would express the views of

  1. Darwin

  2. Wallace

  3. Lamarck

  4. Huxley
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck has suggested the theory of use and disuse of organs. According to this theory, if any organ is used to its maximum optimum levels it's size increases gradually because of it's repeated use. On the contrary, the size of organs that are used goes on reducing considerably. This is because of their constant disuse. 

So, if penguin has lost its ability to fly due to disuse of wings, it comes under Lamarck's theory.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Which of the following cannot be explained by Lamarckism?

  1. Absence of limbs in snakes

  2. Long neck of giraffe

  3. Degeneration of visual apparatus in cave dwellers

  4. Dull progeny of Nobel laureate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The snakes have been evolved from lizard like ancestors, which were having two pairs of limbs and there is absence of limbs in snakes, it is explained by Lamarckism.

The ancestors of giraffe were bearing a small neck and fore­limb and were like horses. But as they were living in places with no surface vegetation, they had to stretch their neck and forelimbs to take the leaves for food, which resulted in the slight elongation of these parts. It can be explained by Lamarckism.
The ancestors of cave dwellers had normal eye sight. On account of living under continuous dark conditions, the animal lost their power to see. It can be explained by Lamarckism.
However, dull progeny of Nobel prize winners cannot be explained by Lamarckism. It could not explain, why the kids of Nobel laureates have dull children. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Theory of acquired characters was put forward by 

  1. Lamarck

  2. Hugo de Vries

  3. Drawin

  4. Wallace
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

the famous theory of acquired characters was put forward by Lamarck. Lamarck suggested that if any changes take place in the life of organisms, that changes lead to change in their genetic character. This happens so that the organism can adapt better to their environment. These changes or adaptations are then passed on to subsequent generations. Thus they acquire these characters too.

So, option A "Lamarck" is the correct answer.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Find out the incorrect match from the following.

  1. Natural selection- Charles Darwin

  2. Mutation theory- Carl Correns

  3. Use and disuse theory- Lamarck

  4. Chemical evolution- Oparin and Haldane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Natural selection was given by Charles Darwin. It states that the organism which are able to evolve according to changing environment are able to survive for longer duration and are naturally selected to evolve.
Mutation theory states that evolution is a sudden process where new varieties and species are formed by mutation which is considered as sudden change in the genome due to induced and natural factors. It was given by Hugo de Vries.
Use and disuse theory was given by Lamarck, which states that animals acquired characteristics after using certain physical traits constantly.
Chemical evolution states that life originated through certain simple organic molecules. It was proved by Oparin and Haldane.