Tag: digestion in small intestine

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Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Aggregates of lymphoid tissue present in distal portion of small intestine are known as 

  1. Villi

  2. Rugae

  3. Choroid plexus

  4. Peyers patches
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peyer's patches are organized lymphoid follicles found in the submucosa of the ileum, which is the distal portion of the small intestine. They play a critical role in immune surveillance of the intestinal lumen.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Absence of enzyme in small intestine will severely affect digestion of proteins

  1. Maltase

  2. Lipase

  3. Enterokinase

  4. Pancreatic amylase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Enterokinase (also known as enteropeptidase) is an enzyme that activates trypsinogen into trypsin. Without trypsin, other pancreatic proteases cannot be activated, leading to a severe failure in protein digestion.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Which is absorbed in ileum?

  1. Vitamin K

  2. Bile salt

  3. Fat

  4. Glucose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bile salts are actively reabsorbed in the final part of the small intestine, known as the terminal ileum, returning to the liver via enterohepatic circulation. Most other basic nutrients like glucose and fats are primarily absorbed earlier in the duodenum and jejunum.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Which of the following guards the opening of hepatopancreatic duct into the duodenum

  1. Sphincter of Oddi

  2. Semilunar valve

  3. Ileocaecal valve

  4. Pyloric sphincter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The hepatopancreatic duct (ampulla of Vater) enters the duodenum and its opening is controlled by the sphincter of Oddi, which regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

In jejunum, which of the following enzymes is required for the digestion of amino acid containing compounds?

  1. Chymotrypsin

  2. Pepsin

  3. Trypsin

  4. Peptidase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peptidases are the intestinal proteases, which act on peptides as follows:
$Polypeptide\xrightarrow[Alkaline \,medium]{Polypeptidase} Dipeptides$


$Dipeptide\xrightarrow[Dipeptidase]{Alkaline \,medium} Amino acids$
Pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin, etc are aminopeptidases, which act upon amino groups of the peptide bond. 
Thus the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE
Consider the following two statements A & B and select the right from (i)-(iv) about their correctness.
A. Small intestine is shorter than large intestine.
B. Small intestine is wider than large intestine.

  1. Both the statements are correct.

  2. Both the statements are wrong.

  3. Statement A is correct, B is wrong.

  4. Statement B is correct, A is wrong.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement A is incorrect because the small intestine is actually much longer than the large intestine, measuring about 6 to 7 meters in humans compared to the large intestine's 1.5 meters. Statement B is also incorrect because the small intestine is narrower in diameter than the large intestine, which is why they are named small and large based on width rather than length.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

If the inner surface of the ileum in the human small intestine was smooth, rather than being folded and subdivided into vilii, which of the following statements would be true? 

  1. The rate of absorption of digested food molecules would be higher, because the digested food would pass more easily through the digestive tract.

  2. Digestion would not be as effective, because there would be fewer cells secreting trypsin (a protein-digesting enzyme).

  3. Humans would have needed to evolve a much longer small intestine to absorb sufficient nutrients from their food.

  4. Humans would not be able to survive, because the digestive tract would be more susceptible to damage.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct answer is (c).