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Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

In plant tissue culture experiments, high auxin to cytokinin ratio favours .............. development and high cytokinin to auxin ratio favours .............. development.

  1. Root, shoot

  2. Shoot, root

  3. Root, root

  4. Shoot, shoot
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Callus is an unorganized, undifferentiated mass of diving cells formed during tissue culture which requires both auxins and cytokinins for its growth and differentiation. In callus, shoot regeneration is promoted by a cytokinin, such as BAP (Benzylaminopurine) and root regeneration is promoted by an auxin, such as NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid). Thus, shoot and root regenerations in callus are controlled by auxin-cytokinin balance. Usually, an excess of auxins promote root regeneration and that of cytokinins promote shoot regeneration.
So the correct option is 'root, shoot'.
Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

Small cut pieces of soft stems are placed in growth medium with following plant hormone. Which combination of plant hormones will show the slowest growth? 

  1. Auxin+Cytokinin

  2. Gibberellins+Auxin

  3. Gibberellins+Cytokinin

  4. Abscisic Acid+Auxin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Abscisic acid is growth inhibiting hormone whereas auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin are growth promoting hormones. Options A,B, and C include all growth promoting hormones whereas option D includes both growth promoting and growth inhibiting hormones. Therefore, this combination of hormones will show slowest growth.

So option D is the correct answer.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

Cytokinin and auxin are antagonistic in which of the following function?

  1. Cell division

  2. Phototropism

  3. Apical dominance

  4. Geotropism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The main function of Auxin is to promote stem elongation and inhibition of growth of lateral buds to maintain apical dominance.
  • It is produced in the stem tips, buds and root tips to promote growth and it also helps to repair wounds in plants.
  • The function of cytokinins is to increase the cell division by stimulating the process of mitosis which helps in plant growth and formation of shoots and buds.
  • Cytokinins promote sprouting of lateral buds and overcome apical dominance.
  • Cytokinin and auxin are antagonistic for apical dominance.
  • So the correct answer is 'Apical dominance'.
Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

Which of the following plant hormones is not acidic in nature?

  1. Gibberellin

  2. Auxin

  3. Cytokinin

  4. ABA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gibberellins are diterpenoid acids, Auxins are indole derivatives (often acidic), and ABA (Abscisic acid) is acidic. Cytokinins are adenine derivatives and are generally basic or neutral in nature.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

Identify the incorrectly matched pair.

  1. Auxin - Phototropism

  2. Gibberellins - Foolish seedling disease of rice

  3. Ethylene - Induces fruit ripening

  4. Cytokinin's - Promote apical dominance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cytokinins typically promote lateral bud growth and help overcome apical dominance, rather than promoting apical dominance themselves. Thus, this matched pair is incorrect.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

Match the names of the phytohormones with the roles listed. 

   List I    List II
 A  Auxin  p  Internodal elongation
 B  Gibberellin  q  Cell division
 C  Cytokinin  r  Ripening of fruits
 D  Ethylene  s  Abscission
     t  Apical dominance

  1. A- t, B- p, C- s, D- q

  2. A- t, B- p, C- q, D- s

  3. A- t, B- p, C- q, D- r

  4. A- t, B- s, C- p, D- q
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Auxin hormone causes apical dominance. Apical dominance is referred to the growth of plants attaining height. As a result of this, the plant will grow tall. Cytokinin is the phytohormone which is responsible for the multiplication if cells or cell division. 
  • In other words, cytokinin influences mitosis. Gibberellin is the hormone that induces internodal elongation. It is also called as bolting. This is commonly found in cabbage when this hormone is more in amount.
  •  The ethylene hormone is responsible for the ripening of fruits. Spraying of ethylene will promote early fruit ripening.
Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

Match Column I with Column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column I  Column II
 A. Auxin  1. Flowering
 B. Cytokinins  2. Phototropism
 C. Gibberellins  3. Stimulation of cell division
 D. Abscisic acid  4. Suppression of cell division
 E. Ethylene  5. Stomatal opening and closing
  6. Growth of lateral buds 
   7. Root growth

  1. A- 2, B- 7, C- 3, D- 5, E- 4

  2. A- 2, B- 3, C- 5, D- 7,E- 4

  3. A- 2, B- 5, C- 3, D- 4,E- 7

  4. A- 5, B- 2, C- 3, D- 7,E- 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Matching: Auxin (2-Phototropism), Cytokinins (3-Stimulation of cell division), Gibberellins (6-Growth of lateral buds is incorrect, but 1-Flowering is often associated), Abscisic acid (5-Stomatal opening/closing), Ethylene (4-Suppression of cell division). Option A provides the most accurate alignment based on standard textbook pairings.