Tag: carbohydrate and its test

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Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Carbohydrates are produced by

  1. Some bacteria, algae and green plant cells

  2. Fungi, algae and green plant cells

  3. All bacteria, fungi and algae

  4. Viruses, fungi and bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecules found on the face of the earth. This is so because every year plants and algae through the process of photosynthesis convert more than 100 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide and water to cellulose and other products for use by the plants. Some bacteria undergo photosynthesis but it is anoxygenic as bacteria has only pigment system I. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

A biological molecule made up of only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

  1. Lipids

  2. Proteins

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Nucleic acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrates (CHO) - These are the principle energy storage molecules. They contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (0) in a 1:2:1 ratio and are classified according to their size into monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide.

Monosaccharides are simple sugar having single chain or single ring structure which contains 3-7 carbon atoms. Example is glucose with 6 carbons, 12 hydrogens, and 6 oxygens.

Disaccharides: Double sugars are formed by dehydration reaction between 2 monosaccharides glucose + glucose ------ - > maltose + water. Disaccharides are too large to pass through cell membranes and must be digested to simple sugar units by hydrolysis (add water).

Polysaccharides are long chains of simple sugar molecules. The two major molecules of importance are starch, which is used for storage form for carbohydrate fuel in plants and glycogen, which is used for storage form for carbohydrate fuel in animals.

Function: It is ready source of cellular fuel & cellulose, is used for structural support in plants and carbohydrates help form cell receptors for recognition. Hence, option C is correct.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Fats and carbohydrates can be differentiated based on the fact that ___________. 

  1. Carbohydrates are always steroids.
  2. Carbohydrates have a $H : O$ ratio of $2 : 1$.

  3. Fats are known as starch.
  4. Fats have a $H : O$ ratio with much more oxygen than hydrogen.

  5. Fats always contain nitrogen.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carbohydrates are made up of C: H: O, having H and O in the ratio of 2:1 and the general formula is (CH2O)n. Sources of carbohydrates in our food are cereals and pulses. The caloric value is 4.1 kcal/g.

Fats and all fat-like substances are called lipids. Sources are Butter, ghee, liver oil, vegetable cooking oil. They have high Caloric value as compared to carbohydrates which is 9.45 kcal/g.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which among the following is the most common monomer of carbohydrate?

  1. Glucose

  2. Fructose

  3. Sucrose

  4. Maltose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Most common monomer used in polysaccharides is glucose. For example, starch, cellulose, glycogen all are polymers derived from glucose. Plants synthesize carbohydrates as glucose or fructose and store in other form like starch. The type of linkage between glucose molecules is different in storage and structural polysaccharides. The linkage in storage polysaccharides is $\alpha$- whereas $\beta$-linkage is present between glucose molecules in structural polysaccharides.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

The enzyme which hydrolyses starch to maltose is

  1. Lactase

  2. Protease

  3. Maltase

  4. Amylase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hydrolases catalyse hydrolytic reactions. Some of the important hydrolases includes amylases, sucrase, lactase, maltase, protease, esterase etc. 

Amylase catalyze hydrolysis of starch (polysaccharide form of glucose) into maltose (disaccharide of glucose).

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

The ratio between hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrate is

  1. $5 : 1$
  2. $4 : 3$
  3. $3 : 1$
  4. $2 : 1$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Monosaccharide is the simplest form of carbohydrate which is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The basic formula of the monosaccharide is C$ _n$H$ _{2n}$O$ _n$. These are considered as simplest form of sugar. The ratio between the hydrogen and oxygen is 2:1. For example, fructose is a monosaccharide with five carbon atom, ten hydrogen and five oxygen.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

${C} _{n}{H} _{2n}{O} _{n}$ is the formula of

  1. Fatty acid

  2. Fat

  3. Glycerol

  4. Carbohydrate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

CnH2nOn is a general formula of monosaccharides. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates which cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller units. They usually have 3-7 carbon atoms per molecule. They are the compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in which hydrogen and oxygen occur in the ratio of 2:1 as in a molecule of water. Thus, they are also known as hydrates of carbon. 

A fatty acid is an unbranched chain of carbon atoms with each carbon atom forming four bonds to other atoms It has a carboxylic group at one end and and the hydrogen atom bonded to all or most carbon atoms. 
Fats are formed as a result of esterification of fatty acids with various alcohols and glycerol is one of the alcohols which forms the true fats. Its formula is C$ _3$H$ _8$O$ _3$.
Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents energy giving food carbohydrate and its test biological molecules

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

  1. Glucose

  2. Lactose

  3. Starch

  4. Galactose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Disaccharides are oligosaccharides which are formed by condensation of two monosaccharides. Lactose is a disaccharide. It is made up of two hexose molecules, glucose, and galactose. Lactose is also known as milk sugar because it is found in milk. It is a reducing sugar. Thus, the correct answer is B