Tag: coal

Coal tar, a principal liquid product resulting from the carbonization of coal, i.e., the heating of coal in the absence of air, at higher temperatures.

Tar bases are the alkaline constituents of distillate oils, remaining after tar acids have been removed. One of the base that is recovered is pyridine, a colourless nitrogenous liquid that has a pungent odour and produces derivatives that are of pharmaceutical value. 

Coal gas can be made by two processes: carbonization or gasification. Carbonization refers to the devolatilization of an organic feedstock to yield gas and char. Gasification is the process of subjecting a feedstock to chemical reactions that produce gas.

Tar bases are the alkaline constituents of distillate oils, remaining after tar acids have been removed. One of the base that is recovered is pyridine, a colourless nitrogenous liquid that has a pungent odour and produces derivatives that are of pharmaceutical value. Pitch is the material remaining after the removal of pyridine and other distillates. It is useful in the aluminium industry for the manufacture of electrodes.

Coal gas is a flammable gaseous fuel made from coal and supplied to the user via a piped distribution system. Town gas is a more general term referring to manufactured gaseous fuels produced for sale to consumers and municipalities.
Coal gas contains a variety of calorific gases including hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and volatile hydrocarbons together with small quantities of non-calorific gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

Cokes are generally available in four different forms. That is honeycomb, needle, sponge and shot coke.

The coke which contain less quantity of ash, sulfur and high quantity of carbon is called as pure coke.

Carbonisation is the procedure in which carbon dioxide is added to the coke to make it smokeless.

Combustion reaction of coke is a exothermic reaction in which heat is removed from the reaction mixture.

Naphthalene which is used to repel moths and other insects is obtained from coal tar.
Coal tar is a thick black liquid. It is obtained from the distillation of bituminous coal. It contains benzene, naphthalene, phenols, aniline, and many other organic chemicals.