Tag: introduction to excretory system

Hepatic caecum is found in grasshopper, which secretes enzymes into the stomach here they assist in the digestive process.
The food in the grasshopper, after entering into oesophagus, enters into the crop. here, the masticated food is temporary stored.
The hemolymph is equivalent to blood of grasshopper
Egestion is the process of discharging undigested or waste material from a cell of organ.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

The ductus deferens, also known as the vas deferens, is a tiny muscular tube in the male reproductive system that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct. 

In the substrate eaters like Balanoglossus, the excretory organ is glomerulus or proboscis gland lying in front of the central sinus and projecting into the proboscis coelom.

Green glands are excretory organs in crustaceans. The excretory organ in annelids is nephridia. The column of bertini is an extension of renal cortex between the renal pyramids.

Freshwater and marine organisms are adapted to specific osmotic environments. Moving them between these environments causes osmotic stress, leading to cell swelling or dehydration, which is fatal.

The metanephric kidneys are a paired compact organ whose functional units are nephrons. The nephrons filter initial urine from the blood, reabsorbing water and nutrients, and secrete wastes, producing the final urine, which is expelled. In adult Frog, The kidney is Metanephros.

Planarians are one of the types of flatworms belonging to the class Turbellaria. The excretory organs of planarians are flame cells. The flame cells work like a kidney and remove excretory wastes from the body.

Sea gulls are marine birds belonging to the family Laridae. They drink salt water as a result to maintain their osmotic balance they excrete salts through nasal gland or salt gland present in the nostrils and assist kidney in maintaining electrolyte balance.

Amoeba is a fresh water unicellular organism. In amoeba the excretory waste is ammonia. The excretory waste present in the cytoplasm is collected by contractile vacuole then this excretory waste i.e NH$ _3$ is excreted through plasma membrane by diffusion.

Hydra is a freshwater sessile organism belonging to the phylum Cnidaria and class Hydrozoa. They are found in lakes, pond, and stream. Hydra is ammonotelic i.e they secrete ammonia as chief excretory nitrogenous waste. In hydra specialized excretory organs are absent hence in hydra, wastes of food digestion and nitrogenous wastes are removed from mouth and body wall.