Tag: post fertilization - plants

Ovary get transformed into fruit post fertilisation. Outer layer of ovary becomes the outer layer of fruit along with ovules converting into seeds.

Ovules form into seeds in the mature fruit post fertilisation (transformed ovary). Their different arrangements can be seen in fruits such as pea, orange etc.

In almost all angiosperms, double fertilisation takes place where a triploid endosperm is formed. In a few cases, it is non - endospermous where the entire endosperm is consumed during the development of embryo.

Endosperm of angiosperm results when the secondary nuclei which is diploid fuses with the second sperm entering the apparatus, which is haploid in nature.

Water lotus (Nelumbo  nucifera) have an unusually long period of viable germination. Even if, a seed is in the ideal condition of germination, it might remain dormant for decades. They show self-preservation and resistance to germination. 

The ovary is converted into fruit after the formation of an embryo and protects the seed in angiosperms.

A. Seed in many members of the Euphorbiaceae, such as castor, the soft outgrowth capping the hard seed is formed by proliferation of the cells at the tip of the outer integument called caruncle. It is rich in starch and sugars.

B. Cotyledons-  They  are thin, semi-transparent and oval in outline in castor. They have palmate venation. The middle costa or rib is more prominent and bears a few lateral veins.

C. Funiculus- It is a stalk like structure which attaches the ovule to the placenta.

D. Inner integument- It forms the tegman, inner covering of seed.

So, the correct answer is ‘Outer Integument’.