Tag: food chain and energy flow

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Questions Related to food chain and energy flow

Multiple choice botany ecosystem energy flow in food chain food chain and energy flow energy flow in ecosystem

Which fractions of the visible spectrum of solar radiations are primarily absorbed by carotenoids of higher plants?

  1. Blue and green

  2. Green and red

  3. Red and violet

  4. Violet and blue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carotenoids are organic pigments that are found in the chloroplasts and chromoplasts of plants and some other photosynthetic organisms, including some bacteria and some fungi. Carotenoids absorb light in the blue-green and violet region and reflect the longer yellow, red, and orange wavelengths. These pigments also dispose excess energy out of the cell. Thus, option A is correct and other options are incorrect.

Multiple choice botany ecosystem energy flow in food chain food chain and energy flow energy flow in ecosystem

The most effective wavelength of visible light in photosynthesis is in the region

  1. Violet

  2. Blue

  3. Yellow

  4. Red
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plants and other oxygenic photosynthetic organisms harvest light energy from the sun to fix carbon dioxide into the food and fiber required to sustain the biosphere. Since plants cannot move, they must cope with regular day-night cycles, seasonal cycles and neighbouring vegetation, all of which influence the intensity, direction and spectral quality of light impinging on their leaves. 

To optimize light harvesting under low light conditions and to minimize photo damage when light is too bright, plants must continuously adjust the sensitivity of light harvesting by regulating the components of the photosynthetic apparatus or by altering the architecture of their leaves and stems. The ability to sense the ambient light level is conferred by protein light sensors that perceive different colors of visible light that are most effective in photosynthesis. For plants, red light is the most effective wavelength to drive photosynthesis therefore the most important of these photo sensors, the phytochromes, are most sensitive to this region of the light spectrum. Thus, option D is correct.

Multiple choice botany ecosystem energy flow in food chain food chain and energy flow energy flow in ecosystem

Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR is 

  1. More than 80%

  2. About 70%

  3. About 60 %

  4. Less than 50 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) accounts to less than 50%. Photosynthetically active radiation designates the spectral range of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers, that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis.

Multiple choice botany ecosystem : structure and function energy flow in food chain food chain and energy flow energy flow in ecosystem

The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem. This situation indicates the fact that?

  1. Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency

  2. Carnivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than herbivores

  3. Energy conversion efficiency is the same in all trophic levels

  4. Herbivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The pyramid of energy is always upright because energy is lost as heat at each transfer, and producers have the highest energy availability, which decreases as you move up the trophic levels.

Multiple choice botany ecosystem energy flow in food chain food chain and energy flow energy flow in ecosystem

The percentage of sunlight utilized for photosynthesis by higher plants is 

  1. 100 %

  2. 110 %

  3. 50 %

  4. 1 - 2 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Higher plants utilize 1 to 2 % of sunlight for photosynthesis. Most crop plants store nearly 0.25% to 0.5% of the sunlight in the product. Examples are corn kernels, potato starch, etc. Photosynthesis increases linearly with light intensity at low intensity, but at higher intensity this is no longer the case.

Multiple choice botany ecosystem energy flow in food chain food chain and energy flow energy flow in ecosystem

Emerson defined red drop as decline in the quantum yield of photosynthesis at wavelength of

  1. 460 nm

  2. 670 nm

  3. 680 nm

  4. More than 680 nm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Emerson defined red drop as decline in the quantum yield of photosynthesis  at wavelength beyond 680 nm. 

Red drop effect - Wavelengths beyond 700nm are apparently of insufficient energy to drive any part of photosynthesis. So, a huge drop in efficiency has been noticed at 700nm. In other words there is a sharp decrease in quantum yield at wavelengths greater than 680nm. This decrease in quantum yield takes place in the red part of the spectrum. The number of oxygen molecules released per light quanta absorbed is called as quantum yield of photosynthesis. This effect was first of all noticed by Robert Emerson.

Multiple choice botany organisms and their environment energy flow in food chain food chain and energy flow energy flow in ecosystem

Which level in food chain has maximum energy?

  1. Third Trophic Level

  2. Decomposers

  3. Herbivores

  4. First Tropic Level
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

According to the ten percent law of energy transfer in ecosystems, energy decreases at each successive trophic level. Therefore, producers at the first trophic level possess the maximum amount of energy.