Tag: mineral coal

Questions Related to mineral coal

What is the percentage of ash content in Indian coal?

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. 5%

  2. 10%

  3. 20%

  4. 30%

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The ash content of indian coal is 30℅. Initially in 1970s it was 28℅. The quality of Indian coal is deteriorating over the years. However Sulphur content of Indian coal is low about 0.5℅.

What is pulverised coal?

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. Non smoking coal

  2. Coal free from ash

  3. Coal broken into fine particles

  4. Coal which burns for long time

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Coal is a black coloured sedimentary rock. When coal is grounded or broken into fine particles using a device called powdered coal mill, the resultant coal obtained is called powdered coal or pulverized coal. It is used in cosmetics, for the generation of electricity etc.

On which factor does the calorific value of coal depend on?

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. Ash content

  2. Size of coal particles

  3. Moisture content

  4. Volatile material

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The calorific value of the coal depends upon its ash content. Less the ash content present, more is the calorific value of the fuel i.e. the fuel which has less ash content produces more energy on burning. Higher the calorific value, more is the efficiency of the fuel.

In India, about ______ % of total power is generated by using nuclear energy.

biology carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products coal petroleum and petrochemicals

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 6

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
3, India has a flourishing and largely indigenous nuclear power programme and expects to have $14.6 GWe$  nuclear capacity on line by 2024 and$ 63 GWe$ by 2032. It aims to supply 25% of electricity from nuclear power by 2050.
Because India is outside the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty due to its weapons programme, it was for 34 years largely excluded from trade in nuclear plant or materials, which has hampered its development of civil nuclear energy until 2009.
Due to earlier trade bans and lack of indigenous uranium, India has uniquely been developing a nuclear fuel cycle to exploit its reserves of thorium.
Since 2010, a fundamental incompatibility between India’s civil liability law and international conventions limits foreign technology provision.

Bituminous is a:

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. the most common form of coal

  2. most widely used in the United States

  3. a soft, intermediate grade of coal

  4. all of these

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bituminous coal or black coal is a relatively soft coal containing a tarlike substance called bitumen or asphalt. It is of higher quality than lignite coal but of poorer quality than anthracite and has a high heating (Btu) value . Formation is usually the result of high pressure being exerted on lignite. Bituminous coal is an organic sedimentary rock formed by diagenetic and sub metamorphic compression of peat bog material. Its primary constituents are macerals: vitrinite, and liptinite. The carbon content of bituminous coal is around 60–80%; the rest is composed of water, air, hydrogen, and sulfur.

___________ is a brownish-black coal with generally high moisture and ash content, and the lowest carbon content.

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. bituminous

  2. lignite

  3. anthracite

  4. sub-bituminous

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lignite is brownish-black in color and has a carbon content around 60–70 percent, a high inherent moisture content sometimes as high as 75 percent, and an ash content ranging from 6–19 percent compared with 6–12 percent for bituminous coal. The energy content of lignite ranges from 10 to 20 MJ/kg (9–17 million BTU per short ton) on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis.

Lignite is:

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. high moisture and ash content coal

  2. low moisture and ash content

  3. has the highest heating value and lowest moisture

  4. the hardest type of coal,

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lignite is brownish-black in color and has a carbon content around 60–70 percent, a high inherent moisture content sometimes as high as 75 percent, and an ash content ranging from 6–19 percent compared with 6–12 percent for bituminous coal.

Which of the following type of coal is having lowest carbon content and heating value.

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. anthracite

  2. bituminous

  3. lignite

  4. all of them

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 A brownish-black coal with generally high moisture and ash content, and the lowest carbon content and heating value is lignite.

What chemical reaction makes biodiesel?

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. transesterification

  2. sublimation

  3. polymerization

  4. fermentation

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase, without passing through the intermediate liquid phase.

Polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains.

The chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat is called fermentation.

Transesterification is the process of exchanging the organic group R″ of an ester with the organic group R′ of an alcohol.
The alcohol reacts with the fatty acids to form the mono-alkyl ester (biodiesel) and crude glycerol.

Biodiesel production is the process of producing the biofuel, biodiesel, through the chemical reactions transesterification and esterification. This involves vegetable or animal fats and oils being reacted with short-chain alcohols (typically methanol or ethanol).

Which is the primary state in transformation of coal?

biology coal, petroleum and petrochemicals carbon cycling mineral coal carbon cycle coal and its products

  1. Peat

  2. Bitumen

  3. Anthracite

  4. Lignite

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The process of conversion of lignite to anthracite is called coalification or metamorphism of coal.
Coal is classified on the basis of its rank. The rank of coal denotes its degree of maturity. Vegetable matter, under the action of pressure, heat and anaerobic conditions, gets converted into different stages of coal namely:
Wood → Peat → lignite → sub-bituminous coal → bituminous coal → anthracite.
Peat is the first stage in the formation of coal.