Tag: blood clotting

Sodium oxalate acts as an anticoagulant. Sodium oxalate inhibits blood coagulation by forming an insoluble complex with calcium because calcium is a cofactor that involves in the clotting process. Hence, option A is the correct answer.

Fibrinogen is a glycoprotein that helps in the formation of blood clots.
Thrombin is a blood coagulation factor.

Fibrinogen is factor I and its source is liver. When fibrinogen is converted into fibrin by thrombin, it forms long strands, that compose the mesh network for clot formation.
Calcium is factor IV and its source is bone and absorption from food in gastrointestinal tract. It works with many clotting factors for activation of the other clotting factors.
Vitamin K is an essential factor to various protein enzymes, that are a part of coagulation cascade.
Vitamin D is found in fish and liver oil and is essential for absorption of calcium.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Coagulation is the process by which the blood changes from a liquid to a gel-like form. Blood plasma will coagulate, as, it has clotting factors in it and fibrinogen protein.
Serum will not coagulate, as, it do not have any clotting factors and fibrinogen.
Lymph is more like blood plasma, so, contains clotting factors and will coagulate.
Whole blood obviously coagulate for containing the same above factors.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B).

Factor VIII is an important blood clotting protein, which is also known as anti-haemophilic factor (AHF), encoded by the F$ _{8}$ gene.
Factor VIII circulates in the bloodstream in an inactive form, bound to another molecule, called Von Willebrand factor, until an injury that damages the blood vessels occurs. When injury occurs, the factor VIII is activated and separates from Von Willebrand factor. The active protein interacts with another coagulation factor, called factor IX. This interaction leads to a chain of additional reactions, that form a blood clot.

When there is an injury and blood is shed, the platelets disintegrate and liberate thromboplastin or factor III. Certain amount of thromboplastin is also derived from the damaged tissues of the injured locality.
Thromboplastin converts prothrombin into thrombin with the help of calcium ions and thrombin interacts with fibrinogen forming fibrin. This is clot.
Calcium is the Factor IV and it acts as a co-factor in the coagulation process.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B).

The presence of calcium and other clotting factors, Factor X activates an enzyme called prothrombin activator. The enzyme prothrombin activator then converts plasma protein prothrombin into thrombin. Thrombin is the enzyme which in turn converts fibrinogen into fibrin. Polymerized fibrin together with platelets(corpuscles) forms a clot at the wound site. Hence blood clot is mainly due to fibrin and corpuscles.

The mechanism of blood clotting involves the presence of calcium and other clotting factors, Factor X activates an enzyme called prothrombin activator. The enzyme prothrombin activator then converts plasma protein prothrombin into thrombin. Thrombin is the enzyme which in turn converts fibrinogen into fibrin. Polymerized fibrin together with platelets forms a clot at the wound site. The prothrombin is a plasma protein synthesized in the liver. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of prothrombin.

Thromboplastin is a plasma protein aiding blood coagulation through catalyzing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. It is a complex enzyme that is found in brain, lung, and other tissues and especially in blood platelets and that functions in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in the clotting of blood—called also thrombokinase.