Tag: excretory system

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Questions Related to excretory system

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

The nephrons discharge their urine at the:

  1. Urinary bladder

  2. Urethra

  3. Renal pelvis

  4. Renal pyramid (calyses)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The renal pelvis or pelvis of the kidney is the funnel-like dilated part of the ureter in the kidney. In humans, the renal pelvis is the point where the two or three major calyces join together. Renal pelvis, enlarged upper end of the ureter, the tube through which urine flows from the kidney to the urinary bladder.


So, the correct answer is 'Renal pelvis'.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

A Malpighian body is constituted by 

  1. Glomerulus only

  2. Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule

  3. Glomerulus and Efferent vessel

  4. Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule and Efferent vessel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A malphagian body is constituted of two parts - Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. The glomerulus is the tuft of capillaries and has the filtering apparatus. The Bowman's capsule has a cup-like sack present at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron.

So, the correct answer is (B).

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Which is true about the difference between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons? 

  1. Most nephrons are juxtamedullary.

  2. The efferent arteriole's of cortical nephrons give rise to most of the vasa recta.

  3. The aaferent arterioles of the juxtamedullary nephrons give rise to most of the vasa recta.

  4. Juxtamedullary nephrons generate a hyperosmotic medullary interstitium.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cortical nephrons either have short or absent loops of Henle. Only juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops of Henle, which plunge into the renal medulla and create a hypersomotic interstitium via counter current multiplication. 

So the correct option is D.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Of the total nephrons,the juxtamedullary nephrons constitute ........... %.

  1. 15

  2. 45

  3. 65

  4. 85
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. Juxtamedullary nephrons are found only in birds and mammals. These are juxtamedullary on the basis of their Loop of Henle which is deep in the renal medulla and the renal corpuscle is in the medulla and only around 15-20% of the nephrons are juxtamedullary.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Difference between glomerular filtrate and plasma is of

  1. Proteins

  2. Potassium

  3. First is white whereas latter is yellow.

  4. First is yellow whereas latter is white.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Blood plasma contains red and white blood cells, blood proteins, glucose, water, nitrogenous wastes, salt. Glomerular filtrate contains glucose, salt, water, nitrogenous wastes. Blood cells and plasma proteins are not filtered through the glomerular capillaries because they are relatively larger in size.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

The renal threshold value of glucose is normally

  1. 80 mg/100 ml

  2. 160-180 mg/100 ml

  3. 100-120 mg/100 ml

  4. 80-110 mg/100 ml
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The proximal tubule can only reabsorb a limited amount of glucose. When the blood glucose level exceeds about 160-180 mg/dl or 160-180 mg/100ml, the proximal tubule becomes overwhelmed and begins to excrete glucose in the urine. this point is called the renal threshold of glucose (RTG).
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Function of glomerulus in mammalian kidney is

  1. Reabsorption of salts

  2. Urine formation through blood filtration

  3. Urine collection

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A glomerulus is a network of capillaries responsible for the filtration of blood in the nephron the functional unit of the kidney. The glomerulus is surrounded by a single layer of epithelium called the Bowman's capsule constitute a renal corpuscle, the basic filtration unit of the kidney. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

The size of the filtration slits present in the glomerulus is

  1. 10 cm.

  2. 15 nm.

  3. 25 nm.

  4. 10 nm.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The filtration slits present in the endothelium of the glomerulus are of the size 25 nm that can allow the plasma and solutes to diffuse in but not the blood cells. So the filtrate in the Bowman's Capsule that has diffused in from the glomerulus is colourless due to an absence of RBCs.

Hence, the correct answer is '25 nm'.