Tag: structure of nephron

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Questions Related to structure of nephron

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Medullary rays are made up of ________________.

  1. Parenchymatous cells

  2. Sclerenchymatous cells

  3. Tracheids

  4. Fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Medullary rays are extensions of the renal medulla into the renal cortex, consisting of straight tubules and collecting ducts, which are supported by parenchymatous tissue.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Number of uriniferous tubules in the two mammalian kidney are.

  1. Nearly $2$ millions
  2. More than $3$ millions
  3. Less than $1$ million
  4. More than $1$ million
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Each human kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, so two kidneys contain approximately 2 million nephrons.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Uriniferous tubules are mainly concerned with

  1. Concentration of urine

  2. Passage of urine

  3. Reabsorption of useful substances from glomerular filtrate

  4. Removal of urea from blood
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In humans, the Kidney is the excretory organ. Nephron or uriniferous tubule is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. On an average, 25-30 gm of urea is excreted out per day through urine. Hence uriniferous tubules are mainly concerned with removal of urea from the blood.

So, the correct answer is 'Removal of urea from blood'.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Uriniferous/nephrons tubules occur in

  1. Stomach

  2. Testes

  3. Ovary

  4. Kidney
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. The body of the nephron is divided into renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), Henle's loop and distal convoluted tubule( DCT). The nephrons along with collecting ducts are called as uriniferous tubules. Hence uriniferous/nephrons tubules occur in Kidney,
So, the correct answer is 'Kidney'.
Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Part not belonging to uriniferous tubule is

  1. Glomerulus

  2. Henle's loop

  3. Distal convoluted tubule

  4. Connecting tubule
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The nephrons along with collecting ducts are called as uriniferous tubule. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. The body of the nephron is divided into  Bowman's capsule, PCT, Henle's loop and DCT. Hence glomerulus does not belong to the uriniferous tubule. Glomerulus are the tuft of capillaries present in the Bowman's capsule.

So, the correct answer is 'Glomerulus'.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Vital morphological and physiological units of mammalian kidney are

  1. Ureters

  2. Seminiferous tubules

  3. Uriniferous tubules

  4. Nephridia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. The body of the nephron is divided into renal corpuscle, PCT, Henle's loop and DCT.which perform the vital functions such as filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Nephron along with collecting ducts are called as uriniferous tubules. Hence Vital morphological and physiological units of the mammalian kidney are Uriniferous tubules'
So, the correct answer is 'Uriniferous tubules'.
Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Malphigian tubules remove excretory products from

  1. Kidney

  2. Haemolymph

  3. Alimentary canal

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Malpighian tubules are excretory organs present in the cockroach. They lie freely in haemolymph. They remove excretory products from the haemolymph and open in the alimentary canal at the junction of the midgut and hindgut. In each cockroach, they are about 150 in number.
So, the correct answer is 'Haemolymph'.
Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Juxtaglomerular cells of renal cortex synthesises an enzyme called 

  1. ADH

  2. Oxytocin

  3. Renin

  4. Urochrome

  5. Glucocorticoids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Renin is produced in the kidney by the juxtaglomerular cells of renal cortex. It participates in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system which maintains the blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. It breaks the angiotensinogen secreted from the liver into a peptide angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is further cleaved into angiotensin II. Angiotensin II acts on the adrenal glands and releases aldosterone which acts on the collecting tubules to absorb more sodium ions which in turn increases the absorption of water and increases the blood volume.  It also acts on the CNS to increase water intake by stimulating thirst. So the correct answer is 'Renin'.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human structure of nephron excretory system nephron

Which of the following processes creates high osmotic pressure in uriniferous tubule?

  1. Active secretion of $Na^+$ into efferent arteriole followed by Cl secretion
  2. Active $Na^+$ absorption followed by Cl absorption
  3. Active secretion of $Cl^-$ and absorption of $Na^+$ into efferent arteriole
  4. Active Cl absorption followed by absorption of $Na^+$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. It is also called as uriniferous tubule. The active absorption of Na+ ion followed by the absorption of Cl created high osmotic pressure in the uriniferous tubule.

So, the correct answer is 'Active Na+ absorption followed by Cl absorption'.