Tag: endothermic reactions

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Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

Differentiate between an exothermic and an endothermic reaction.

  1. Endothermic releases heat and exothermic absorbs energy

  2. Exothermic releases heat and endothermic absorbs energy

  3. Hydrogen gas is evolved in exothermic but not in endothermic

  4. Hydrogen gas is evolved in endothermic but not in exothermic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Exothermic reactions are reactions or processes that release energy, usually in the form of heat or light. In an exothermic reaction, energy is released because the total energy of the products is less than the total energy of the reactants.
Endothermic reactions are reactions that require external energy, usually in the form of heat, for the reaction to proceed. Since endothermic reactions draw in heat from their surroundings, they tend to cause their environments to cool down. They are also generally non-spontaneous since endothermic reactions yield products that are higher in energy than the reactants. As such, the change in enthalpy for an endothermic reaction is always positive. 


Hence, the correct option is $B$

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

In which of the following process heat is required?

  1. Mixing water and strong acids

  2. Some polymerisation reactions such as the setting of epoxy resin

  3. The setting of cement and concrete

  4. Combustion of fuels such as wood
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In combustion of fuels such as woods.

$C+O _2\longrightarrow CO _2+Heat$

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

Give an example of each of the following chemical changes: An endothermic reaction 

  1. making ice cubes

  2. condensation of rain from water vapor

  3. baking bread

  4. mixing sodium sulfite and bleach
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Exothermic reactions are reactions or processes that release energy, usually in the form of heat or light. In an exothermic reaction, energy is released because the total energy of the products is less than the total energy of the reactants.
When quick lime reacts with water to form slaked lime , it releases a lot of energy . 
Endothermic reactions are reactions that require external energy, usually in the form of heat, for the reaction to proceed. Since endothermic reactions draw in heat from their surroundings, they tend to cause their environments to cool down. They are also generally non-spontaneous, since endothermic reactions yield products that are higher in energy than the reactants. 
When hydrogen reacts with iodine to form hydrogen iodide , it absorbs a lot of energy .

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

If you, pour a few drops of petrol on your palm, it will feel cool as the petrol evaporates. This change is a/an:

  1. endothermic reaction

  2. exothermic reaction

  3. chemical reaction

  4. slow reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Evaporation is a process that requires energy (latent heat of vaporization) to turn a liquid into a gas. Because the petrol absorbs heat from the palm to evaporate, the palm feels cool, which is an endothermic process.

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

The process(es) requiring the absorption of energy is/are:

  1. $F \rightarrow F^-$
  2. $Cl \rightarrow Cl^-$
  3. $O \rightarrow O^{2-}$
  4. $H \rightarrow H^-$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

All the elements can easily gain an electron to form ions like $H^-$, $F^-$, $Cl^-$, and $O^{2-}$ atoms.

But, all the rest atoms except oxygen accepts only one electron, so they release energy and the value of electron gain enthalpy is negative.
But, oxygen first adds one electron where its first electron gain enthalpy is negative, but now the second electron is added to an anion, so that will require energy to add and hence the electron gain enthalpy becomes positive.
The answer is option C.

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

In which of the following process energy is liberated:

  1. $ Cl \rightarrow Cl^+ + e^-$
  2. $ HCl \rightarrow H^+ + Cl^-$
  3. $ H^++e^- \rightarrow H$
  4. $ O + 2e^-\rightarrow O^{2-}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Energy is liberated (exothermic) when an electron is added to an atom or ion (electron affinity). Option C represents the combination of a positive ion and an electron to form a neutral atom, which releases energy.

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

Select endothermic reaction:

  1. $S^{-}(g) + e^{-}(g) \rightarrow S^{2-}(g)$
  2. $Ne (g) + e^{-} (g) \rightarrow Ne^{-} (g)$
  3. $N(g) + e^{-} (g) \rightarrow N^{-}(g)$

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C Correct answer
Explanation

The following are examples of endothermic reactions. They have a positive value of electron gain enthalpy and energy is absorbed when an electron is added to the atom.

$\displaystyle  Ne (g) + e^{-} (g) \rightarrow Ne^{-} (g)$

$\displaystyle N(g) + e^{-} (g) \rightarrow N^{-}(g)$

The following is an example of an exothermic reaction. They have a negative value of electron gain enthalpy and energy is released when an electron is added to the atom.

$\displaystyle S^{-}(g) + e^{-}(g) \rightarrow S^{2-}(g)$.

So, the correct options are $B$ and $C$

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

Which of the following are exothermic processes?
(A) Reaction of water with quick lime
(B) Dilution of an acid
(C) Evaporation of water
(D) Sublimation of Camphor (Crystals)

  1. (a) and (b)

  2. (b) and (c)

  3. (a) and (d)

  4. (c) and (d)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Addition of quick lime to water and dilution of acid are examples of exothermic reactions.
The addition of quick lime (CaO) to water gives a hissing sound and is known as slaking of lime. It is an exothermic reaction with release of 15000 cal/mol
$CaO + H _2O \rightarrow Ca(OH) _2 + 15000  : cal$
Conc sulfuric acid has very high affinity for water. When sulfuric acid is mixed with water, a large amount of hat is released. The temperature may rise to as high as $120^o  : C$.
Hence, sulfuric acid is always diluted by adding acid to water.
On the other hand, evaporation of water and sublimation of Camphor are endothermic processes.

Multiple choice chemistry endothermic and exothermic reactions endothermic reactions what are enthalpy changes energy change in chemical reactions

Which of the following is not an endothermic reaction?

  1. $CaCO _3\rightarrow CaO+CO _2$
  2. $2H _2O\rightarrow 2H _2+O _2$
  3. $6CO _2+6H _2O\rightarrow C _6H _{12}O _6+6O _2$
  4. $C _6H _{12}O _6+6O _2\rightarrow 6CO _2+6H _2O$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

$C _6H _{12}O _6+6O _2\rightarrow 6CO _2+6H _2O$  is not endothermic reaction.
It is a synthesis reaction . the reaction is called cellular respiration as it produces energy for the body to use for activity. n oxidizing the glucose, the cell takes the energy from this chemical process and uses it for ATP synthesis. The ATP synthase is considered to be the most important carrier of energy in a cell. It captures energy, then uses that energy to fuel other processes within the cell. While most are formed during respiration, some are also made during photosynthesis.
Heat is not absorbed so it is not an endothermic reaction