Tag: morphology of the root

Asafoetida is the dried latex (gum; oleoresin) exuded from the rhizome or tap root of several species of Ferula, a perennial herb that grows 1 to 1.5 m (35 ft) tall. It is also known as asant, food of the gods, jowani badian, stinking gum, Devil's dung, hing, ingu, kayam and ting.
Asafoetida is used for breathing problems including ongoing (chronic) bronchitis, H1N1 "swine" flu and asthma. It is also used for digestion problems including intestinal gas, upset stomach, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and irritable colon. Other uses include treatment of whooping cough (pertussis), croup and hoarse throat.
Some people use asafoetida for hysteria, insanity, convulsions and as a nerve stimulant for ongoing mental and physical fatigue with depression (neurasthenia).
Women sometimes use asafoetida to restart their menstrual periods after menstruation has stopped for some reason.
Asafoetida is sometimes applied directly to the skin for corns and calluses.
In manufacturing, asafoetida is used as a fragrance in cosmetics and as a flavoring ingredient in foods and beverages. Asafoetida is also used in products meant to repel dogs, cats and wildlife.

Roots form thorny branches in Acanthorhiza. Acanthorhiza has aerial roots which form thorny branches while terminating. Roots that are exposed to the atmosphere, at least during low tide, may be called as aerial or pneumatophores. Aerial roots are roots above the ground. They are almost always adventitious. They are found in diverse plant species, including epiphytes such as orchids, tropical coastal swamp trees such as mangroves.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Two kinds of root systems are present in flowering plants :
(i) Tap root : Primary root grows vertically down into soil, secondary roots grow from this at an acute angle outwards and downwards, and from these other branches may arise. The main or primary root is known as the tap root; together with its many branch roots it forms a tap root system e.g. the bean.
(ii) Adventitious root : The primary root usually dies at an early stage and is replaced by numerous roots that develop from the stem, e.g., the mealie.

Chicory (Cichorium intybus), is a somewhat woody, perennial herbaceous plant usually with bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink. Many varieties are cultivated for salad leaves, chicons (blanched buds) or for roots, which are baked, ground, and used as a coffee substitute and additive. 

A) Blue-green algae

Water is absorbed by land plants through their roots especially at their tips the root hairs found in large number in this region increase the surface area of absorption. The concentration of soil water is less than of cell sap of root hair as a result the soil water enters the root hair by endosmosis.

From the region of maturation in roots, the epidermis develops a special unicellular hair like structure known as root hairs that help to increase the surface area of root to maximize the absorption of water and minerals.

Plants can absorb nitrate or nitrite from the soil via their root hairs. If nitrate is absorbed, it is first reduced to nitrite ions and Ammonium ions for incorporation into various compounds.

The three principal tissues of the root vascular cylinder, cortex and epidermis originate from three groups of initial cells or histogens, in the apical meristem plerome, periblem and dermatogen respectively. A fourth histogen, the calyptrogen produces the root cap.        
So, the correct answer is 'root cap'

Pandanus has stilt roots with very large conspicuous aerial root cap. These are the largest and multiple persistent root caps.