Tag: living world and classification

Living things are lively and active and exhibit characteristics of life, like growth, movement, reproduction, response to stimuli (like touch, smell, light) . These activities are done by the cells of which the living things are made up of. Some examples of living things around us are human beings, animals, plants and microorganisms.

Consciousness refers to individual awareness of thoughts, memories, feelings, sensations, surrounding and environment and responding to external and internal stimuli

• Non-living things increase in size due to the addition of similar materials to their outer surface, they include crystals, glaciers, stones and mountains

Living organisms must maintain a constant internal environment while living in a constantly changing external environment. Maintaining the internal environment is important because the processes that keep the cell alive can only take place under certain conditions. There are different processes that occur in the body to maintain the constant internal environment such as diffusion, osmosis, homeostasis, active transport, passive transport, endocytosis, exocytosis, etc. Homeostasis helps to maintain an equilibrium of an internal environment. 

All living things and dead are made up of the cells which perform life processes for maintaining life. They give the response to the stimulus or environmental factors. But growth is the characteristic of both living and dead as dead like wood shows growth by the absorption of water. Thus, the growth is the characteristics of living things but not the defining or fundamental properties of living things. Hence, the correct answer is option D.

The guillotine is a device designed for carrying out executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame in which a weighted and angled blade is raised to the top and suspended. The condemned person is secured at the bottom of the frame, with his or her neck held directly below the blade. The blade is then released, to fall swiftly and sever the head from the body.

• Non-living things do not grow through internal metabolic functions but by adding on from the outside. Non-living things do not need the energy to continue to exist. Some nonliving things such as crystals grow by accumulating more of the same material of which they are made.
• Living things exhibit growth, movement, reproduction, respiration and metabolism. Living things use energy, respond to stimuli and adapt to their environment.
• So, the correct answer is 'Growth occurs from outside'.

Non-living beings are made up of a single or combination of molecules repeated in a sequence or randomly arranged. A molecule is a group of two or more atoms bound by chemical bonds. A few examples of non- living being is water, table, ground.

The bacteria is a unicellular living organism which has been included in the group of prokaryotes. The earthworm is an example of segmented worm which belongs to the phylum Annelida. These are the living organisms which can perform the different biological processes like respiration, digestion, reproduction, etc. The plant roots cannot perform the functions without the other parts of the plants like leaves which produce food. 

Fungi feed by saprophytic mode of nutrition on dead and decaying plants and animals. In this, the fungi release enzymes on the dead organism and break down complex substances into simpler substances. They absorb the required amount of released nutrients and release the rest in the soil hence increase its nutrient content.