Tag: hydrogen chloride

Questions Related to hydrogen chloride

$CaO(s)+H _3O^++Cl^-\longrightarrow$
Addition of solid calcium oxide to a solution of hydrochloric acid as given, results in the formation of:
(1) $Ca^{2+}$
(2) $H _2O$
(3) $H _2$

chemistry p- block elements-ii hydrogen chloride chlorine - 17 group p-block elements

  1. If 1, 2 and 3 are correct

  2. If only 1 and 2 are correct

  3. If only 2 and 3 are correct

  4. If only 1 is correct

  5. If only 3 is correct

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$CaO+2HCl \rightarrow CaCl _2+H _2O$

In this reaction, due to water, quick lime is converted into slaked lime, which on reaction with hydrochloric acid gives calcium chloride and water.


 Appearance  Reaction with dilute $HCl$  Reaction with dilute $HNO _3$
 Unknown metal #1  Dull gray solid with white oxide coating Dissolved with bubbles of clear gas   Dissolved with bubbles of clear gas
 Unknown metal #2  Solid; lustrous, smooth silver-gray surface  No reaction  Dissolved with bubbles of orange gas

Identify the orange gas produced on the addition of dilute $HN{O} _{3}$ to unknown metal #2.

chemistry p- block elements-ii hydrogen chloride chlorine - 17 group p-block elements

  1. ${Cl} _{2}$

  2. ${H} _{2}$

  3. ${O} _{2}$

  4. $C{O} _{2}$

  5. $N{O} _{2}$

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Silver has a lustrous smooth gray surface.

It reacts with $HNO _3$ as;
$3Ag+2{ HNO } _{ 3 }\rightarrow { 4AgNO } _{ 3 }+{ NO } _{ 2 }+{ H } _{ 2 }O$.
Thus the orange gas produced is $NO _2$.

   Appearance   Reactions with dilute$HCl$ Reaction with Dilute$HNO _3$ 
 Unknown metal 1  Dull grey solid with white oxide coating  Dissolved with bubbles of clear gas  Dissolved with bubbles of clear gas
 Unknown metal 2  Solid, lustrous, smooth silver-grey surface  No reaction   Dissolved with bubbles of orange gas

Identify the gas(transparent) produced with the addition of dilute $HCl$ to unknown metal 1.

chemistry p- block elements-ii hydrogen chloride chlorine - 17 group p-block elements

  1. ${Cl} _{2}$

  2. ${H} _{2}$

  3. ${O} _{2}$

  4. $C{O} _{2}$

  5. $N{O} _{2}$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Metals reacts with $HCl$ to liberate hydrogen gas.

The concentrated $HCl$ acid strongly fumes in_________.

chemistry p- block elements-ii hydrogen chloride chlorine - 17 group p-block elements

  1. air

  2. water

  3. both

  4. none of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Concentrated hydrochloric acid fumes in the air forming acidic mists. Both the mist and the solution have a corrosive effect on human tissue with the potential to damage respiratory organs, eyes, skin and intestines.

All metals on reaction with $HCl$ liberate $H _{2}$ gas.

chemistry p- block elements-ii hydrogen chloride chlorine - 17 group p-block elements

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hydrochloric acid is used in chemical analysis to prepare sample for analysis. Concentrated hydrochloric acid dissolves many metals and forms oxidized metal chlorides and hydrogen gas but it does not react with all metals.

The boiling point of the hydrochloric acid varies with its concentration.

chemistry p- block elements-ii hydrogen chloride chlorine - 17 group p-block elements

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Physical properties of $HCl$ acid such as boiling point and melting points, density and pH depend upon the concentration or molarity of $HCl$ in the aqueous solution. They range from those of water at very low conc. approaching 0% $HCl$ to values for fuming $HCl$ over 40% $HCl$.