Tag: environmental impact: plastics

Questions Related to environmental impact: plastics

__________ is the process in which waste is buried in the land.

chemistry synthetic fibres and plastics plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

  1. Landfill or dumping

  2. Recycling

  3. Incineration

  4. Sewage treatment

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Dumping or landfill focuses attention on burying the waste in the land. Dumping of waste is good for the soil as it contains compounds of nitrogen and phosphorous which acts as fertilizers.

__________  is a bio-degradation process that take organic matter i.e remains of plants,garden and kitchen waste that turn into nutrient-rich food for plants.

chemistry synthetic fibres and plastics plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

  1. Dumping

  2. Incineration

  3. Composting

  4. Sewage treatment

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Composting is a easy and natural bio-degradation process that takes organic matter i.e remains of plants, gardens and kitchen waste that turn into nutrient-rich food for the plants. it is usually used for organic farming by allowing the organic materials to sit in one place for months until microbes decompose it 

Which of the following are examples of recycling by industry? 

chemistry synthetic fibres and plastics plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

  1. The use of scrap metal in manufacture of steel

  2. The use of waste paper

  3. The recovery of energy from burning combustible waste

  4. All the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Recycling is a practice that refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials. The materials from which the items are made can be reprocessed into new products.
All the above are examples of Recycling.

Phosphate ions from fertilizers are sometimes present as contaminants in municipal sewage. These have been removed with some success by:

chemistry synthetic fibres and plastics plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

  1. passing of chlorine

  2. heating at $70^{\circ}C$

  3. filtration

  4. passing of steam

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Correct Option: B

Which of the following is not an example of waste management?

chemistry synthetic fibres and plastics plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

  1. Sewage treatment

  2. Composting

  3. Weeding

  4. Dumping

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Weeding is an important control method practiced in many crops. The removal of weeds is useful because these unwanted plants compete with the crop for space, water and nutrients.

While all the other options are an example of waste management where waste is used to produce some useful form of energy.

The _________ waste is being converted into fuel which has a high octane number. It is known as the green fuel.

chemistry synthetic fibres and plastics plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

  1. plastic

  2. bio-degradable

  3. non-biodegradable

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Over the years, there have been various solutions proposed – diversion, burning, etc.; however, nothing to date has proven to be a truly effective or environmentally responsible solution to the burgeoning global landfill problem.


In fact, many existing solutions have been just the opposite: costly, energy inefficient or equally as harmful to the environment as the plastic itself. 

It's only now, converting plastic waste to fuel is a solution that is not only economically viable, but that is remarkably simple and "green" as well.


Option A is correct.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of thermosetting polymers?

chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

  1. Linear or slightly branched long chain polymers.

  2. Heavily branched and cross-linked polymers.

  3. Become infusible on moulding.

  4. Cannot be remoulded or reused on heating.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Some characters of thermosetting polymers:

  • these polymers are cross-linked or heavily branched molecules,
  • on heating it undergoes extensive cross-linking in moulds and again become infusible,
  • these cannot be reused
    Some common examples are bakelite, melamine and urea formaldehyde resin

Which among the following is a cross-linked polymer?

chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

  1. Polyesters

  2. Glycogens

  3. Melamine-formaldehyde

  4. Polyvinyl chloride

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Melamine-formaldehyde polymer is cross-linked polymer or thermosetting polymer which on heating undergo extensive cross linking in moulds and again become infusible. These cannot be reused. Some common examples are bakelite, urea-formaldelyde resins, etc.

The correct option is [C].

Which of the following polymers does not involve cross-linkages?

chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

  1. Vulcanised rubber

  2. Bakelite

  3. Melamine

  4. Teflon

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bakelite, melamine( thermosetting) and vulcanised rubber( elastomer) have cross-linkages in the structures whereas Teflon is linear addition or chain growth polymers that have not cross-linkages.

the correct option is [D].

Match the column I with column II and mark the appropriate choice.

Column I Column II
(A) Buna-S (i) Thermosetting
(B) Polyamides (ii) Fibres
(C) Polyvinyls (iii) Elastomers
(D) Urea-formaldehyde (iv) Thermoplastics
chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

  1. (A) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (B) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (C) $\rightarrow$ (i), (D) $\rightarrow$ (ii)

  2. (A) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (B) $\rightarrow$ (i), (C) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (D) $\rightarrow$ (iv)

  3. (A) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (B) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (C) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (D) $\rightarrow$ (i)

  4. (A) $\rightarrow$ (i), (B) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (C) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (D) $\rightarrow$ (iii)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
 Buna$-S$  (iii) Elastomers
 Polyamides  (ii) Fibers
 Polyvinyls (iv) Thermoplastic
 Urea-formaldehyde (i) Thermosetting

[A] Elastomers - these are rubber like solids with elastic properties

[B] Fibers - these are thread forming solids which possess high tensile strength and high modulus,
[C] Thermoplastic - these are linear or slightly branched long chain molecules capable of repeatedly softening on heating and hardening on cooling,
[D] Thermosetting polymers are cross-linked and heavily branched molecules which on heating undergo extensive cross-linking in moulds and again become infusible.
The correct option is $[C]$.