Tag: history of photosynthesis

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Questions Related to history of photosynthesis

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

First photosynthetic organisms to appear on earth were :

  1. Bacteria

  2. Green algae

  3. Cyanobacteria

  4. Bryophytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The first photosynthetic organisms to appear on Earth were likely anaerobic bacteria, which evolved the ability to use light energy before the development of oxygenic photosynthesis in cyanobacteria.

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

Action spectrum of photosynthesis was discovered by

  1. Calvin

  2. Engelman

  3. Blackman

  4. Hill
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Engelman discovered the action spectrum of photosynthesis in 1833. He found that bacteria accumulated in the region of blue and red light of split spectrum. He thus discovered the effect of the different wavelength of the light on photosynthesis and at that time he discovered the first action spectrum of photosynthesis.
So, the correct option is B.

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

The process of photophosphorylation was discovered by

  1. Calvin

  2. Arnon

  3. Priestley

  4. Warburg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process of photophosphorylation was discovered by Arnon. He used the term assimilatory to refer ATP and $NADP$. Photophosphorylation is the process in which light energy is converted into chemical energy through the production of ATP. The process of reduction of $NADP$ into $NADP + H^{+}$ may be denoted as electron transport system (ETS). 

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

Match the name of the scientists with their important contributions given under. Choose the answer which gives correct combination.

   List I (Scientists)    List II (Contributions)
A Peter Mitchell 1 Law of limiting factor
B Blackmann 2 Calvin cycle
C Daniel Arnon 3 Photosynthetic phosphorylation
D Melvin Calvin 4 Chemiosmotic hypothesis
    5 Mass flow hypothesis

  1. A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 2

  2. A - 1, B - 4, C - 2, D - 3

  3. A - 2, B - 1, C - 3, D - 4

  4. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1

  5. A - 3, B - 2, C - 1, D - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Peter Dennis Mitchell, was a British biochemist who was awarded the 1978 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his discovery of the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis. 

Blackman proposed the law of limiting factors in 1905. According to this law, when a process depends on a number of factors, its rate is limited by the pace of slowest factor. Blackman's law of limiting factors determines the rate of photosynthesis. 
Daniel Israel Arnon was a Polish-born American plant physiologist, whose research led to greater insights into the operation of photosynthesis in plants. 
Melvin Ellis Calvin was an American chemist most famed for discovering the Calvin cycle along with Andrew Benson and James Bassham, for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Melvin Ellis Calvin was an American chemist most famed for discovering the Calvin cycle along with Andrew Benson and James Bassham, for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

Who demonstrated the role of light in plant nutrition?

  1. Von Helmont

  2. Stephen Hales

  3. Priestley

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A) Photosynthesis was partially discovered by Jan Baptista van Helmont, a Belgian chemist, physiologist and physician.
B) Stephen Hales proved that plants require light for photosynthesis.
C) Joseph Priestley revealed the essential role of air in the growth of green plants.
So the correct answer is 'Stephen Hales'.

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

Match the items of column I and column II

Column I Column II
a Mitchell p Steps of dark reaction to photosynthesis
b Gibbs q Photophosphorylation
c Arnon r Concept of free energy
d Calvin s Chemiosmotic hypothesis
t Mass flow hypothesis

  1. a-s, b-t, c-r, d-q

  2. a-s, b-r, c-p, d-q

  3. a-r, b-s, c-p, d-q

  4. a-s, b-r, c-q, d-p.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

a. Peter Mitchell, in 1961 proposed chemiosmotic hypothesis, according to this hypothesis, the ATP is synthesized by ATPase complexes located on the non-appressed portions of thylakoid membranes, particularly towards margins.

b. Free energy is a concept useful in the thermodynamics of chemical or thermal processes in engineering and science proposed by Gibbs.

c. Daniel L. Arnon in 1961 discovered photophosphorylation, It is the process of phosphate group transfer into ADP to synthesize energy-rich ATP molecule making use of light as an external energy source.

d. CO$ _2$ fixation in dark reaction was thoroughly worked out by M. Calvin.

Hence, the correct answer is 'a-s, b-r, c-q, d-p'.

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

Who found that organic matter is synthesised with the help of solar energy?

  1. Hill

  2. Van Steil

  3. Mayer

  4. Bayer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Julius Robert Mayer made his claim in his The Organic Motion in its Relation to Metabolism which was published in 1845. In this publication, he wrote: "The plants take in one form of power, light and produce another power, chemical difference." He used the term ‘power’ for energy and ‘chemical difference’ for chemical energy. He, therefore, made it clear that plants do not only produce organic matter but also provide the energy which sustains life. Consequently, his finding has made further enlightenment on photosynthesis.


So, the correct option is 'Mayer'.

Multiple choice botany photosynthesis historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

Who is called as 'father of plant physiology'?

  1. K. V Thimann

  2. Stephen Hales

  3. M. Calvin

  4. E. Rabinowitch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. 

Stephen Hales is considered the 'father of plant physiology' for the many experiments he conducted in 1727; though Julius von Sachs unified the pieces of plant physiology and put them together as a discipline. 

Multiple choice botany living world of plants - plant physiology historical events in photosynthesis history of photosynthesis introduction to photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy within a plant was first stated by

  1. Willstatter and Stoll

  2. Mayor and Anderson

  3. Benson and Calvin

  4. Robert Mayer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Julius Robert von Mayer was a German physician and physicist. He was the first to state the law of the conservation of energy i.e., energy is neither created nor destroyed. He stated that the sun is the ultimate source of energy for both plants and animals and that when absorbed plants convert this light energy through the process of photosynthesis.