Tag: non communicable diseases

• Anaemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or haemoglobin in the blood or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.
• When anaemia comes on slowly, the symptoms may include feeling tired, weakness, shortness of breath or a poor ability to exercise. Hence, The reduced flow of oxygen in the blood occurs in Anaemia

Iron is an important component of hemoglobin which is a part of red blood cells. It carries oxygen from lungs to different parts of the body. Green leafy vegetables such as spinach are rich sources of iron. Other foods containing iron include sunflower seeds, nuts, beef, beans, tofu, amla, jaggery. Iron deficiency can leads to anemia. 

•  To diagnose anaemia, your doctor may ask you about your medical and family history, perform a physical exam, and run the following tests: Complete blood count (CBC) or Red cell distribution width (RDW).
•   A CBC is used to count the number of blood cells in a sample of your blood.
• Red cell distribution width (RDW) is also the test to diagnose anaemia. For instance, you'll probably have greater differences in red blood cell size if you have anaemia in these test.
• Hence, Anaemia can be diagnosed by the shape and size of RBC only.
• So, the correct answer is 'Shape and size of RBC only'.

• Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. For example, spinach.
• Leafy greens, such as spinach, kale, swiss chard, collard, and beet greens contain between 2.5–6.4 mg of iron per cooked cup.
• For example, 100 grams of spinach contains 1.1 times more iron than the same amount of red meat and 2.2 times more than 100 grams of salmon (26, 27).
  
• Hence Vegetables are a good source of iron is a true statement.

Hepatitis is sometimes caused due to excessive consumption of alcohol. This results to liver cirrhosis. This is called a non-viral hepatitis.

Anaemia is a condition in which is there is shortage of blood or shortage of red blood cells. It results due to loss of blood during accident or pregnancy. It can also results due to insufficient iron in the body to produce enough of haemoglobin.

The process of creating a GM crop can produce many changes in the natural functioning of the plant's genome. Native genes can be mutated, deleted, permanently turned on or off and may change their levels of protein expression. This increasing the levels of an existing protein or even producing a completely new and unknown protein within the crop can act as an allergen in consumers. Hence, foods derived from genetically modified crops are required to be tested for possible allergic reactions in people.

• An allergic reaction occurs due to the hypersensitivity of the immune system to a harmless substance known as an allergen.
• Antibodies are produced by the B-lymphocyte cells which destroy the allergens.
  
• Destruction of allergens by the antibodies causes the release of a chemical substance into the bloodstream called histamine. 
• The release of histamine in a large amount causes swelling of body tissues (inflammation), itching, enlargement of blood vessels and causes bronchospasm.
• So, the correct answer is 'Histamines'.

• Sting of bee causes allergy.
  
• When a bee stings it releases bee venom into the human body which triggers allergic reactions.
• The bee venom contains proteins which affect the skin cells and triggers the immune system to produce antibodies called Immunoglobulin that results in pain and swelling at the site of the sting.
• So, the correct answer is 'Bee'.

Hay fever is an allergic reaction to environmental allergens, most commonly pollen grains from trees, grasses, or weeds.