Tag: functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals

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Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Which is not the function of vitamins

  1. Metabolism

  2. Digestion

  3. Growth

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamins act as cofactors or coenzymes in metabolic reactions and are essential for growth and development. Digestion is primarily handled by enzymes like pepsin and amylase, not vitamins.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. Amino acids are a product of the digestion of proteins

  2. Vegetable fats contain enough vitamin A and D

  3. Pepsin is produced in the glands in the lining of the stomach

  4. Vitamin C is most plentiful in citrus fruits
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • The end product of protein digestion is amino acids.
  • The most common source of Vitamin C is citrus fruits.
  • The stomach mucosa’s epithelial lining consists only of surface mucous cells, which secrete a protective coat of alkaline mucus. A vast number of gastric pits dot the surface of the epithelium, giving it the appearance of a well-used pincushion, and mark the entry to each gastric gland, which secretes a complex digestive fluid referred to as gastric juice. Chief cells—Located primarily in the basal regions of gastric glands are chief cells, which secrete pepsinogen, the inactive proenzyme form of pepsin. HCl is necessary for the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin.
  • Fish oil contains enough vitamin A and D.

So, the correct answer is 'Vegetable fats contain enough vitamin A and D'.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Vitamins with some enzymes act as

  1. Co-enzyme

  2. Apoenzyme

  3. Holoenzyme

  4. Cofactor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamins with some enzymes act as coenzyme. Coenzymes are organic non protein molecules that bind with the protein molecule (apoenzyme) to form the active enzyme (holoenzyme). A number of the water-soluble vitamins such as vitamins B$ _1$, B$ _2$ and B$ _6$ serve as coenzymes.

An apoenzyme is an inactive enzyme, activation of the enzyme occurs upon binding of an organic or inorganic cofactor. 
Holoenzyme is an apoenzyme together with its cofactor. A holoenzyme is complete and catalytically active.
A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound that is required for the protein's biological activity. These proteins are commonly enzymes, and cofactors can be considered "helper molecules" that assist in biochemical transformations.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Vitamins with some enzymes act as

  1. Co-enzyme

  2. Apo-enzyme

  3. Holo-enzyme

  4. Co-factor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Co-factor is a non-protein chemical compound that is required for the protein's biological activity. These molecules are commonly enzymes and co-factors can be helper molecules that assist in biochemical transformations such as vitamins.
Co-factors can be subdivided into either one or more inorganic ions , or a complex organic or metallo-organic molecule, called as a co-enzyme, most of which are derived from vitamins.
An inactive enzyme without the co-factor is called an apoenzyme while the complete enzyme with the co-factor is called as a holoenzyme.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

The name vitamin was used for the first time by

  1. Funk

  2. Aristotle

  3. Eijikmann

  4. Hopkins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In 1911, Casimir Funk isolated a concentrate from rice polishings that cured polyneuritis in pigeons. He named the concentrate vitamin because it appeared to be vital to life and because it was probably an amine.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Organic nutrients that regulate physiological processes by serving as coenzymes are called

  1. vitamins

  2. trace elements

  3. minerals

  4. amino acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Non-protein components of certain enzymes are called cofactors. If the cofactor is organic, then it is called a coenzyme. Coenzyme is relatively small molecules compared to the protein part of the enzyme and many of the coenzymes are derived from vitamins

So, the correct answer is 'Vitamins'