Tag: plant hormones
Questions Related to plant hormones
A plant hormone used for Inducing morphogenesis in plant tissue culture is ______________.
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abscisic acid
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gibberellin
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cytokinin
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ethylene.
Cytokinins play a vital role in morphogenesis in plants. It opposes initiation of roots in stem cuttings treated with auxin and results in the formation of callus at the cut end. It is now well known that kinetin-auxin interaction controls the momhogenetic differentiation of shoot and root meristems.
In addition to auxins, ................ must be supplied to the culture medium to obtain a good callus in plant tissue culture.
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ABA
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Cytokinins
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Gibberellins
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Ethylene
Cytokinins help to produce all except
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New leaves
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Chloroplast in leaves
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Lateral shoot growth and adventitious shoot formation
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Rooting on cut stem
Rooting of cut stem is induced by spraying synthetic auxins like NaphthaleneAceticAcid and not cytokinins, in plants that are vegetatively propagated by stem cuttings.
Cytokinins are present in greater concentration in young fruits and seeds.
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True
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False
Cytokinins are the plant hormones that stimulates cell division. They are naturally synthesized by young plant parts such as root tips, fruits and seeds.
The hormone that used to keep flowers fresh is
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Auxin
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Gibberellic acid
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Cytokinin
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Ethylene
Cytokinin helps in delaying senescence in plant parts that are cut like flowers and are used to keep cut flowers fresh i.e. increases shelf life of the cut flowers.
First natural cytokinin was discovered by
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Skoog and Miller
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Letham
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Benson and Calvin
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Thimann and Went
The first cytokinin was isolated from herring sperm in 1955 by Miller and his associates . This compound was named kinetin because of its ability to promote cytokinesis. Hall and deRopp reported that kinetin could be formed from DNA degradation products in 1955. The first naturally occurring cytokinin was isolated from corn in 1961 by Miller. It was later called zeatin.
Pruning of plants promotes branching, because the axillary buds get sensitized to
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Ethylene
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Gibberellin
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Cytokinin
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IAA
Cytokinin are a class of plant growth substance that promote cell division or cytokinesis in plant roots and shoots. They are involved primarily in cell growth and differentiation but also affects apical dominance, axillary bud growth and leaf sensecence. Pruning of plants promote branching because the axillary buds get sensitized to cytokinin.
In tissue culture, differentiation of shoot is controlled by ...........................
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Light Intensity
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Temperature shock
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Low Auxin and high CK $\left (High\, \frac{Cyto}{Auxin}\, Ratio \right )$
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None of the above
Cytokinins promote cell division and differentiation of young, relatively unspecialized cells into mature, more specialized cells in intact plants. They are a required ingredient in any plant tissue culture medium and must be present for cells to divide. In tissue culture, cytokinins interact with auxin during the formation of plant organs such as roots and stems. For example, in tobacco tissue culture a high ratio of auxin to cytokinin induces root formation, whereas a low ratio of auxin to cytokinin induces shoot formation.
Coconut water is rich in
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Auxins
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Gibberellin
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Abscisic acid
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Cytokinin
Cytokinins stimulate cell division, even in non-meristematic cells, in presence of auxin. They are most abundant in the growing tissues which are active site of cell division, for example: root, embryos, fruits etc. Coconut water is the liquid endosperm, the actively dividing tissue which serves as nutrition source for developing coconut embryo. Coconut water is used as growth promoter of developing embryos in tissue culture studies. It stimulates the growth of cultures of embryo due to presence of cytokinins. This makes option D correct. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a growth retardation hormone which inhibits seed germination and seedling growth. This makes option C incorrect as endosperm does not have growth retardation hormone. Option A is incorrect as auxin is the hormone of cell division and cell expansion, i.e., overall growth, while endosperm carries the hormone for cell division to increase the cell number only. Option B is incorrect as gibberellins are the hormone of stem elongation in genetic dwarf plants only.
The word cytokinin which induces cell division was given by ...............
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Yabuta
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Brown
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Letham
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Fitting
In botany, kinins were the first name given for these phytohormones. It resulted in lot of confusion. Thus, it was later changed to cytokinins to avoid confusion. It was coined by Letham in 1963.