Tag: plant hormones

Phytotron is a laboratory or a building with an organisation of number of growth chambers and green houses in order to grow plants under strictly controlled environmental conditions. The maintenance and preparation of growth chambers is taken care by phytotron staff  including pest control. 

Leaf abscission is a detachment or fall of older leaves. It occurs at the base of the petiole. During leaf fall, high synthesis of abscisic acid is observed along with decrease in the concentration of auxin. It loosens the cell wall and cells separate which ultimately leads to leaf abscission

Abscisic acid is known as the stress hormone in plants because its synthesis increases significantly under water stress or drought conditions. It triggers stomatal closure to minimize water loss through transpiration. The other listed hormones have different primary roles in growth and development.

During the activation of an amino acid prior to protein synthesis, the amino acid reacts with ATP to form aminoacyl-AMP and pyrophosphate (PPi). The hydrolysis of PPi subsequently releases energy equivalent to another high-energy bond, consuming a total of two high-energy phosphate equivalents per activated amino acid.

Ceriops roxburghiana is a mangrove species typically found in coastal saline environments, not in the arid desert vegetation of the Indus Plain.

A basionym is the original name upon which a new name is based. In botanical nomenclature, the original name provided in a citation is the basionym.

AUG is the primary initiation codon in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. GUG can also serve as an initiation codon in some prokaryotic systems.

2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) is a synthetic auxin widely used in plant tissue culture to induce somatic embryogenesis and callus formation. The other options like BAP, IAA, and GA3 have different primary tissue culture applications.

The biological clock is the seasonal or physiological activities of the plant which changes according to time, season etc. When the light is present at the time of the night, the phytochrome system sends the signal to the biological clock which results in the activation of phytochromes thus converting Pr (Inactive form) to Off (active form). This results in the flowering of plants.

Phytoalexins are low-molecular-weight antimicrobial compounds synthesized by plants in response to infection or stress, playing a major role in their biochemical defense. Mycotoxins and pathotoxins are produced by pathogens, while vivotoxins are toxic substances contributing to disease symptoms.